@article {44,
	title = {Morphometric discrimination of two allozymically diagnosed sibling species of the Echinorhynchus gadi Zoega in Muller complex (Acanthocephala) in the North Sea.},
	journal = {Systematic Parasitology},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 15841350Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Wayland, M.T.: Chemicals/CASEnzymes},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {139 - 149},
	abstract = {<p>Allozyme electrophoresis was used to detect biological species of the E. gadi complex from gadids from the northern North Sea. A fixed difference at one of nine enzyme loci surveyed confirmed the existence of two reproductively isolated, sympatric species. Mixed infections of two E. gadi spp. (termed A and B) were observed in Gadus morhua and Pollachius virens. E. gadi sp. B was also found in Melanogrammus aeglefinus and Merlangius merlangus. The presence of gravid females of E. gadi spp. A and B in the same host species, P. virens, and sometimes in the same host individual, indicates that neither differential host-specificity nor seasonal differences in mating time are responsible for their reproductive isolation. Morphological study of probosces from electrophoretically identified specimens demonstrated that the two species can be discriminated in graphical and cluster analyses of hook morphometrics. E. gadi sp. I (of Vainola etal., 1994) and E. gadi sp. A are probably conspecific.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, allele, Alleles, animal, animal parasitosis, Animals, article, Atlantic Ocean, body size, Body Weights and Measures, comparative study, enzyme, Enzymes, Female, fish disease, Fish Diseases, Gadiformes, genetics, Great Britain, Helminthiasis, Animal, host parasite interaction, Host-Parasite Relations, intestine, Intestines, isolation and purification, Male, morphometrics, North Sea, Parasitology, physiology, sea water, Seawater, species difference, Species Specificity, United Kingdom},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-22844439518\&partnerID=40\&md5=2c536e99e51d16dba1aea15afe7bc92d},
	author = {Wayland, M.T. and Gibson, D.I. and Sommerville, C.}
}
@article {45,
	title = {Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea: Morphological variability and radial asymmetry of proboscis hooks},
	journal = {Systematic ParasitologySyst. Parasitol.},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: SYPAD:doi 10.1023/B:SYPA.0000029419.07989.1aPubMed ID: 15449830Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Wayland, M.T.; Microarray Group, MRC HGMP-Resource Centre, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SB, United KingdomReferences: Aho, J.M., Mulvey, M., Jacobson, K.C., Esch, G.W., Genetic differentiation among congeneric acanthocephalans in the yellow-bellied slider turtle (1992) Journal of Parasitology, 78, pp. 974-981;Amin, O.A., Redlin, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae), with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20; 
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},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {149 - 158},
	abstract = {<p>Echinorhynchus salmonis is a common parasite of salmoniform and other fishes, occurring in fresh and brackish waters throughout the Holarctic. Presented here is the first analysis of the morphometric and meristic variation in a Palaearctic population of E. salmonis, collected from whitefish Coregonus lavaretus L. and smelt Osmerus eperlaus (L.) from the Bothnian Bay, northern Baltic Sea. Morphological data were compared with published descriptions of congeneric taxa. Nearctic populations of salmonid echinorhynchids considered by some to represent a distinct species, E. coregoni Linkins in Van Cleave, 1919, did not show any morphological divergence from Palaearctic populations, indicating that the name E. coregoni should be suppressed. Similarly, E. alpinus Linstow, 1901 has been considered to be a junior synonym of E. salmonis. However, E. alpinus should be regarded as a valid species, because it has a longer and more elongate body. The armature of the acanthocephalan proboscis typically displays radial symmetry. However, in E. salmonis the hooks on the dorsal surface of the proboscis are smaller than those on the ventral surface. Size differences between dorsal and ventral hooks are most pronounced at the base of the proboscis. The systematic and functional significance of radial asymmetry of proboscis hooks is discussed.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, Animalia, Animals, article, Coregonus, Coregonus lavaretus, Echinorhynchida, Echinorhynchidae, Echinorhynchus, Echinorhynchus salmonis, Female, Finland, histology, intestine, Intestines, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Osmeriformes, Osmerus, Parasitology, Pisces, salmonid, Salmonidae, Salmoniformes, scanning electron microscopy, sea water, Seawater, ultrastructure},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3442880780\&partnerID=40\&md5=2b2061d41175647a4135313c36d16ecf},
	author = {Wayland, M.T. and Gibson, D.I. and Sommerville, C.}
}
