@article {124,
	title = {New species of thorny-headed worms of the genus Echinorhynchus (Echinorhynchidae) from fish of the southwestern Atlantic},
	journal = {Novye vidy skrebneǐ roda Echinorhynchus (Echinorhynchidae) ot ryb Iugo-Zapadnoǐ Atlantiki.ParazitologiiaParazitologiia},
	volume = {20},
	year = {1986},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):7Export Date: 29 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 3737237Language of Original Document: RussianCorrespondence Address: Rodiuk, G.N.},
	month = {1986///},
	pages = {224 - 227},
	abstract = {Two new species of Acanthocephala of the genus Echinorhynchus were found and described from fishes of Falkland-Patagonia and South Georgia Island area. E. longiproboscis sp. n. from Dissostichus eleginoides and Macrourus holotrachys intestines differs from its close relative E. gadi (Zoega in M{\"u}ller, 1776) in proboscis armature and the proboscis to the body length ratio. E. georgianus sp. n. from D. eleginoides intestines differs from E. gadi in proboscis armature and length and shape of the basal hooks.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, article, Atlantic islands, classification, English Abstract, fish, Fishes, histology, Parasitology},
	isbn = {00311847 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-17144467754\&partnerID=40\&md5=47659c00fb3a4607baffc45dd3a5bd6e},
	author = {Rodiuk, G.N.}
}
@article {108,
	title = {Acanthocephala of marine fishes off Fiji Islands, with descriptions of Filisoma longcementglandatus n. sp., Neorhadinorhynchus macrospinosus n. sp. (cavisomidae), and gravid females of Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni (Rhadinorhynchidae); and keys to species of },
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. PARASITOL.},
	volume = {80},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):7Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.2307/3283256PubMed ID: 7931911Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Nahhas, F.M.; Biological Science Department, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, United States},
	month = {1994///},
	pages = {768 - 774},
	abstract = {A parasitological collection from marine fishes off the Fiji Islands yielded 5 species of acanthocephalans from 4 species of fish as follows: Filisoma longcementglandatus n. sp. from scat Scatophagus argus; Neorhadinorhynchus macrospinosus n. sp. from vermiculated rabbit fish Siganus vermicularis; Neorhadinorhynchus nudum (Harada, 1938) Yamaguti, 1939 (Cavisomidae) from mackerel tuna Euthynnus affinis; Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni Golvan, 1969 (Rhadinorhynchidae) from E. affinis; and Neoechinorhynchus agilis (Rudolphi, 1819) Van Cleave, 1916 (Neoechinorhynchidae) from striped mullet Mugil cephalus. All are new locality records and, except for N. agilis, new host records. Filisoma longcementglandatus is distinguished from all other species of the genus by its very long cement glands and size and armature of its proboscis. Neorhadinorhynchus macrospinosus has distinctly larger proboscis hooks than all other members of the genus. Keys to species of the genera Filisoma and Neorhadinorhynchus are included. Gravid females of the inadequately described R. johnstoni are described for the first time. Taxonomic notes on the other acanthocephalan species are also included.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, animal, animal parasitosis, Animalia, article, Cavisomidae, Chimaera monstrosa, Euthynnus affinis, Female, Fiji, Filisoma, fish disease, Fish Diseases, Fishes, Helminthiasis, Helminthiasis, Animal, Male, Mugil cephalus, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus agilis, Neorhadinorhynchus, nonhuman, Oryctolagus cuniculus, parasite identification, parasite isolation, Pisces, Rhadinorhynchidae, Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni, Scatophagus argus, Scombridae gen. sp., Seawater, Siganus, species differentiation, Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, taxonomy},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027998015\&partnerID=40\&md5=0131d37041ceac6bc1fac74f193f1b46},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Nahhas, F.M.}
}
@article {113,
	title = {Key to the families and subfamilies of Acanthocephala, with the erection of a new class (Polyacanthocephala) and a new order (Polyacanthorhynchida).},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ Parasitol},
	volume = {73},
	year = {1987},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):45Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 3437357Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.},
	month = {1987///},
	pages = {1216 - 1219},
	abstract = {A key to the classes, orders, families, and subfamilies of Acanthocephala based on the Meyer-Van Cleave system as presented by Amin (1985) is provided. A new class (Polyacanthocephala) and a new order (Polyacanthorhynchida) are erected to accommodate members of the monogeneric family Polyacanthorhynchidae Golvan, 1956.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, article, classification, histology},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0023479097\&partnerID=40\&md5=50cdc1aba38b05a7d6659d376ab09a93},
	author = {Amin, O.M.}
}
@article {114,
	title = {Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: ecology and host relationships of Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Pomphorhynchidae).},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ Parasitol},
	volume = {73},
	year = {1987},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):9Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 3585622Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.},
	month = {1987///},
	pages = {278 - 289},
	abstract = {Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli Linkins in Van Cleave, 1919, was considerably more common in fishes of the river-connected Tichigan Lake than of the landlocked Silver Lake, southeastern Wisconsin. It is reported from 17 species of principal, accessory, and occasional definitive hosts (new record in Moxostoma carinatum) and from 13 species of paratenic hosts (new records in Amia calva, Ictalurus punctatus, Lepomis cyanellus, and Pomoxis nigromaculatus). Infection patterns were influenced by fish species, feeding behavior, temperature, availability of intermediate host, type of water body, fish movement, and changes in fish host community. Host roles are not fixed but are often interchangeable. A seasonal cycle in prevalence, intensity, and maturation was evident, with greatest abundance and maturation during summer and recruitment during summer and autumn. Recruitment of new infections, development, and release of eggs, however, occurred all year. Sex ratio changed from near equal in new infections to one more highly in favor of females in older adults. Female fish were considerably more frequently and heavily infected than males. No relationship with fish age (size) was evident. Worms were mostly attached in posterior intestinal locations but initial establishment sites correlated with temperature. Translocation of P. bulbocolli due to competitive exclusion in concurrent infections was not observed. The significance of extraintestinal larval forms in the cycle of transmission was noted.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, animal disease, animal parasitosis, article, Female, fish, fish disease, Fish Diseases, Fishes, Helminthiasis, Helminthiasis, Animal, host parasite interaction, Host-Parasite Relations, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, intestine infection, Male, Parasitology, physiology, season, Seasons, United States, Wisconsin},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0023320124\&partnerID=40\&md5=921cbadd98135bee55a059806beb8fba},
	author = {Amin, O.M.}
}
@article {117,
	title = {Fessisentis tichiganensis sp. nov. (Acanthocephala: Fessisentidae) from Wisconsin fishes, with a key to species.},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ Parasitol},
	volume = {66},
	year = {1980},
	note = {Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 7218101Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.},
	month = {1980///},
	pages = {1039 - 1045},
	abstract = {Fessisentis tichiganensis sp. nov. is described on the basis of 16 male and 24 female worms recovered from 11 species of fish of seven families in Tichigan Lake, southeastern Wisconsin, between 1977 and 1979. Specimens were most frequently encountered during the spring; the only two gravid females were recovered from Umbra limi, in early June. The same fish also serves as a transport host. A key separating F. tichiganensis from the four other known species in North America is presented. The new species most closely resembles F. friedi Nickol 1972 (= F. vancleavei haley and Bullock 1953), but can be separated from it by its longer proboscis which is armed with markedly more hooks per row, among other characteristics. Additional, new morphological observations are also reported.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, article, classification, Female, fish, Fishes, histology, Male, Parasitology, United States, Wisconsin},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0019300544\&partnerID=40\&md5=1a92a60bd6d2c08559b3295bb65ad288},
	author = {Amin, O.M.}
}
@article {105,
	title = {Taxonomic notes on Polyacanthorhynchus kenyensis (Acanthocephala: Polyacanthorhynchidae) from Lake Naivasha, Kenya},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. PARASITOL.},
	volume = {81},
	year = {1995},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):5Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.2307/3284009PubMed ID: 7876982Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States},
	month = {1995///},
	pages = {76 - 79},
	abstract = {The original description of Polyacanthorhynchus kenyensis Schmidt and Canaris, 1967 from 2 species of fish in Lake Naivasha, Kenya was primarily based on measurements of 2 male cystacanths. That description is herein emended based on the availability of a larger number of immature worms of both sexes obtained from the freshwater teleosts Orechromis leucostictus. Tilapia zillii (new paratenic host records), and Micropterus salmoides. A secretory function for the apical organ is suggested.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, article, Bass, Female, Fish Diseases, Fresh Water, Helminthiasis, Helminthiasis, Animal, Kenya, Male, Micropterus salmoides, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, parasite examination, parasite isolation, parasite virulence, Perciformes, Polyacanthorhynchidae, Polyacanthorhynchus kenyensis, species difference, Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, taxonomy, Tilapia, Tilapia zillii},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028966751\&partnerID=40\&md5=a46dabed00b458692e74f0c1600d4c84},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Dezfuli, B.S.}
}
@article {79,
	title = {Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the blue-barred flame parrot fish, Scarus ghobban Forssk{\r a}l, 1775, in Qatari waters of the Arabian Gulf},
	journal = {Parasitology InternationalParasitol. Int.},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: PAINF:doi 10.1016/S1383-5769(02)00011-9PubMed ID: 12113755Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Al-Baharna, W.S., Fishes of Bahrain (1986) Minist Comm Agricult, , Bahrain: Direct Fisher. 294 pp;Amin, O.M., Nahhas, F.M., Al-Yamani, F., Abu Hakima, R., On three acanthocephalan species from some Arabian Gulf fishes off the coast of Kuwait (1984) J Parasitol, 70, pp. 168-170; 
Amin, O.M., Sey, O., Acanthocephala from Arabian Gulf fishes off Kuwait, with descriptions of Neoechinorhynchus dimorphospinus sp. n. (Neoechinorhynchidae), Tegorhynchus holospinus sp. n. (Illosentidae). Micracanthorhynchina kuwaitensis sp. n. (Rhadinorhynchidae), and Slendrorhynchus breviclaviproboscis gen. n., sp. n. (Diplosentida); And key to species of the genus Micranathorhynchina (1996) J Helminthol Soc Wash, 63, pp. 201-210; 
Amin, O.M., Revision of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) with keys to 88 species in two subgenera. Systematic Parasitol, , in press; 
Amin, O.M., Vignieri, J., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Numerical and structural-functional relationships of the giant nuclei in Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Neoechinorhynchidae) (1986) J Parasitol, 72, pp. 88-94; 
Amin, O.M., Vignieri, J., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: The giant nuclei pattern in Neoechinorhynchus robertbaueri and N. prolixoides (Neoechinorhynchidae) (1986) Proc Helminthol Soc Wash, 53, pp. 184-194; 
Amin, O.M., Gunset, M., The pattern of giant nuclei in Neoechinorhynchus rutili (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) (1992) Trans Am Microscop Soc, 111, pp. 65-69; 
Pichelin, S., Cribb, T.H., Neoechinorhynchus ningalooensis sp. nov. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Scarus ghobban and S. psittacus (Scaridae) from Western Australia (2001) Trans R Soc S Australia, 125, pp. 51-55; 
Golvan, Y.J., Acanthocephales d{\textquoteright}Amazonie, redescription d{\textquoteright}Oligacanthorhynchus iheringi Travassos 1916 et description de Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae n. sp. (Neoacanthocephala-Neoechinorhynchidae) (1956) Ann Parasitol Hum Comp, 31, pp. 500-524; 
Moravec, F., Amin, A., Some helminth parasites, excluding Monogenea, from fishes of Afghanistan (1978) Acta Sci Bohem, 12, pp. 1-45
},
	month = {2002///},
	pages = {171 - 176},
	abstract = {Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) is described from the marine blue-barred flame parrot fish Scarus ghobban Forssk{\r a}l, 1775 in the Arabian Gulf waters off the coast of Qatar. The new species is distinguished from all other species of the genus Neoechinorhynchus by its unique reproductive system and a glandular structure associated with the proboscis receptacle in both males and females. Other uncommon features of N. qatarensis are also discussed. {\textcopyright} 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, Animals, Arabian Gulf, article, controlled study, Female, fish, Fish Diseases, Flame parrot fish, genital system, Helminthiasis, Animal, Male, morphological trait, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus, Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis, Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis sp. n., nonhuman, parasite identification, Perciformes, priority journal, Psittacidae, Qatar, Scaridae, Scarus, Scarus ghobban, Seawater, species difference},
	isbn = {13835769 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036317106\&partnerID=40\&md5=124f816cbb42958ba1094ffd5daeadaa},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Saoud, M.F.A. and Alkuwari, K.S.R.}
}
@article {68,
	title = {New and already known acanthocephalans mostly from mammals in Vietnam, with descriptions of two new genera and species in archiacanthocephala},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. Parasitol.},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):6Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.1645/GE-1394.1PubMed ID: 18372641Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: AMIN, O.M., Classification (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 27-72. , D. W. T. Crompton and B. B. Nickol eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K, p;AMIN, O.M., HECKMANN, R.A., HA, N.V., On the immature stages of Pallisentis (Pallisentis) celatus (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from occasional fish hosts in Vietnam (2004) The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 52, pp. 593-598; 
AMIN, O.M., HECKMANN, R.A., HA, N.V., LUC, P.V., DOANH, P.N., Revision of the Genus Pallisentis (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) with the erection of three new subgenera, the description of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) vietnamensis subgen. et sp. n., a key to species of Pallisentis, and the erection of a new quadrigyrid genus, Pararaosentis gen. n (2000) Comparative Parasitology, 67, pp. 40-50; 
AMIN, O.M., HECKMANN, R.A., HA, N.V., LUC, P.V., DOANH, P.N., WONGSAWAD, C., MARAYONG, T., SEY, O., Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Plagiorhynchidae) from lizards, frogs and fish in Thailand (1998) Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 65, pp. 174-178; 
ARTHUR, J.R., TE, B.Q., Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Vietnam (2006) FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 369 (2). , 133 p; 
DANIELS, C.B., The effect of infection by a parasitic worm on swimming and diving in the water skink, Sphenomorphus quayii (1985) Journal of Herpetology, 19, pp. 160-162; 
DANIELS, C.B., The relative importance of host behavior, method of transmission and longevity on the establishment of an acanthocephalan population in two reptilian hosts (1990) Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 29, pp. 367-374; 
FAROOQI, H.U., SIRIKANCHANA, P., Some acanthocephalan parasites of fishes in Thailand (1987) Thai Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20, pp. 97-109; 
GAULKE, M., On the diet of the water monitor Varanus Salvator in the Philippines (1991) Mertensiella, 2, pp. 143-153; 
GOLVAN, Y.J., Le phylum des Acanthocephala (Quatri{\`e}me note). La class des Archiacanthocephala (A. Meyer, 1931). (1962) Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compar{\'e}e, 37, pp. 1-72; 
GOLVAN, Y.J., Nomenclature of the Acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
KARANTH, K.U., SUNQUIST, M.E., Behavioural correlates of pr{\'e}dation by tiger (Panthera tigris), leopard (Panthera pardus), and dhole (Cuon alpinus) in Nagarahole, India (2000) Journal of Zoology, 250, pp. 255-265; 
MEYER, A., Acanthocephala (1933) Bronn{\textquoteright}s Klassen und Ordungen des Tierreichas, 4, pp. 333-582. , Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, Germany. p; 
NELSON, J.S., (1976) Fishes of the world, , John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, 416 p; 
NICKOL, B.B., DUNAGAN, T.T., Reconsideration of the acanthocephalan genus Echinopardalis, with a description of adult E. atrata and a key to the genera of Oligacanthorhynchidae (1989) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 56, pp. 8-13; 
NOWAK, R., (1999) Walker{\textquoteright}s mammals of the world, , 6th ed. Baltimore: The John{\textquoteright}s Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 2015 p; 
PETROCHENKO, (1958) Acanthocephala of domestic and wild animals, 2. , Isdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow, Russia, In Russian: English translation by Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel, 478 p; 
SANKAR, K., JOHNSINGH, A.J.T., Food habits of tiger (Panthera tigris) and leopard (Panthera pardus) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India as shown by scat analysis (2002) Mammalia, 66, pp. 285-289; 
SCHMIDT, G.D., Revision of class Archiacanthocephala Meyer, 1931 (Phylum Acanthocephala), with emphasis on Oligacanthorhynchidae Southwell et Macfie. 1925 (1972) Journal of Parasitology, 58, pp. 290-297; 
SCHMIDT, G.D., Development and life cycles (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 273-282. , D. W. T. Crompton and B. B. Nickol eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. p; 
SEINDENSTICKER, J. 1996. Tigers. Voyageur Press Inc., Stillwater, Minnesota. 72 pSMALES, L. R. 1997. Multisentis myrmecobius, gen. et. sp. nov. (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae), from the numbat, Myrmecob ius fasciatus, and a key to genera of the Oligacanthorhynchidae. Invertebrate Taxonomy 11: 301-307ST{\O}EN, O.G., WEGGE, P., Prey selection and prey removal by tiger (Panthera tigris) during the dry season in lowland Nepal (1996) Mammalia, 60, pp. 363-373; 
TAYLOR, E.H., The amphibian fauna of Thailand (1962) University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 43, pp. 265-599; 
TRAEHOLT, C., Notes on the feeding behavior of the water monitor Varanus salvator (1993) Malayan Nature Journal, 46, pp. 229-241; 
TRAEHOLT, C., The food and feeding behavior of the water monitor Varanus salvator in Malaysia (1994) Malayan Nature Journal, 47, pp. 331-343; 
VOGEL, P., Innerartiliche Auseinandersetzungen bei freilebenden Bindenwaranen (Varanus salvator) (1979) Salamandra, 15, pp. 65-83; 
YAMAGUTI, S., (1963) Systema helminthum, Acanthocephala, 5. , Wiley Interscience, New York, New York. 423 p; 
ZUG, G.R., Herpetology (1993) An introductory biology of amphibians and reptiles, , Academic Press, New York, New York. 527 p
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {194 - 201},
	abstract = {Adults of 2 new species and 2 new genera of acanthocephalans in class Archiacanthocephala, collected between 1998 and 2004 in Vietnam from the intestines of mammals, are described, i.e., Cucullanorhynchus constrictruncatus n. gen., n. sp. (Oligacanthorhynchidae) from a leopard Panthera pardus (Linnaeus) (Mammalia: Felidae) and Paraprosthenorchis ornatus n. gen. n. sp. (Oligacanthorhynchidae) from the Chinese pangolin Manis pentadactyla (Linnaeus) (Mammalia: Manidae). Adult Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus Amin, Wongsawad, Marayong, Saehoong, Suwattanacoupt, and Sey, 1998 (Plagiorhynchidae) are described for the first time from 2 females collected from a tiger Panthera tigris (Linnaeus) (Mammalia: Felidae) and from 1 male from a water monitor Varanus salvator Laurenti (Reptilia: Varanidae). Characteristic features distinguishing the new species or genera from related taxa are as follows. The trunk of C. constrictruncatus has an anterior hood in both sexes and a posterior constriction in females. The anterior trunk of P. ornatus has many small festoons and proboscis hooks are inserted in elevated papillae separated by beady, near hexagonal, ornate grids. {\textcopyright} American Society of Parasitologists 2008.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, animal experiment, Animals, Archiacanthocephala, Ariacanthocephala, article, Asia, controlled study, Cucullanorhynchus constrictruncatus, endoparasite, Eurasia, Felidae, Female, Helminthiasis, Animal, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, Intestines, invertebrate, Male, mammal, Mammalia, Mammals, Manidae, Manis pentadactyla, morphological trait, morphology, new genus, new record, new species, nonhuman, Oligacanthorhynchidae, Panthera, Panthera pardus, Panthera tigris, Paraprosthenorchis ornatus, Plagiorhynchidae, reptile, Reptiles, Reptilia, Southeast Asia, Spaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus, Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus, taxonomic identification, taxonomy, Tigers, Varanidae, Varanus salvator, Viet Nam, Vietnam},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40949138480\&partnerID=40\&md5=801207c4c4dd8aa46f99e3f9e7fa14d3},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Van Ha, N. and Heckmann, R.A.}
}
@article {69,
	title = {Chemical analysis of metals in acanthocephalans using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) in conjunction with a scanning electron microscope (SEM)},
	journal = {Comparative ParasitologyComp. Parasitol.},
	volume = {74},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: COPAF:doi 10.1654/4258.1Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasite Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Anantaraman, S. R. 1976. Histochemical characteristics of the egg envelopes of Acanthosentis sp. (Acanthocephala). Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Parasitenkunde (Berlin, Germany) 48:227-238Cazaux, J., X-ray probe microanalysis and scanning x-ray microscopes (1984) Ultramicroscropy, 12, pp. 321-332;Heckmann, R.A., Energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis in conjunction with electron optics, a tool for analyzing aquatic animal diseases and deaths (1996) Microscopy and Analysis, 17, pp. 27-29; 
Heinrich, K.F.J., (1981) Electron Beam X-ray Microanalysis, , Van Nostrand and Reinhold Publishing. New York. 412 pp; 
Johnson, R., Application of a multiwindow XES detector (1993) American Laboratory, 14, pp. 93-97; 
Lee, R.E., (1992) Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Microanalysis, , Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 458 pp; 
Stedman, J.K., (2001) Stedmans Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions, , 4th ed. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins. Philadelphia. 1597 pp; 
Sures, B., Accumulation of heavy metals by intestinal helminths in fish: An overview and perspective (2003) Parasitology, 126, pp. 53-60; 
Vaughn, D., (1989) Energy-Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis, An Introduction, , Kevex Instruments Publication. San Carlos, California; 
Whallon, J.H., Flegler, S.L., Klomparens, K.L., Energy dispersive microanalysis (1989) BioScience, 39, pp. 256-259
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {388 - 391},
	abstract = {Using energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) in conjunction with a scanning electron microscope, high levels of sulfur were recorded in proboscis hooks of 5 species of Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis Amin, Saoud, and Alkuwari, 2002; Acanthocephalus dims (Van cleave, 1931); Neoechinorhynchus idahoensis Amin and Heckmann, 1992, Echinorhynchus salmonis (M{\"u}ller, 1784); and Pseudoacanthocephalus sp. Petrochenko, 1956. Sulfur was also present in eggs of N. qatarensis. No sulfur was recorded in the body of worms. The 5 species of Acanthocephala were obtained from several fish hosts and 1 toad species from 7 geographical locations. Sulfur ions are probably present in disulphide bonds characteristic of 2 amino acids, cystine and cysteine, which are common amino acids in the protein of mammalian hair and horns and are probably associated with the hardness of acanthocephalan proboscis hooks and egg shells.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, Anura, Echinorhynchus salmonis, EDXA, Mammalia, Metal analysis, Neoechinorhynchus, Pseudoacanthocephalus, Sulfur in proboscis hooks and eggs},
	isbn = {15252647 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34547790293\&partnerID=40\&md5=ec2530f77c3eefc3cfc08df5bd0e521e},
	author = {Heckmann, R.A. and Amin, O.M. and Standing, M.D.}
}
@article {70,
	title = {Host and seasonal distribution of fish acanthocephalans from the Lake Biwa basin, Japan},
	journal = {Comparative ParasitologyComp. Parasitol.},
	volume = {74},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):1Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: COPAF:doi 10.1654/4283.1Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United States; email: OmarAmin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Host and seasonal associations of Acanthocephalus parksidei Amin, 1974 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in Wisconsin fishes (1975) Journal of Parasitology, 61, pp. 318-329;Amin, O.M., Occurrence of the subgenus Acanthosentis Verma \& Datta, 1929 (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) in Japan, with the description of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) alternatspinus n. sp. and A. (A.) parareceptaclis n. sp. from Lake Biwa drainage fishes and a key to the species of the subgenus (2005) Systematic Parasitology, 60, pp. 125-137; 
Amin, O.M., Burrows, J.M., Host and seasonal associations of Echinorhynchus salmonis (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in Lake Michigan fishes (1977) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 34, pp. 325-331; 
Chubb, J.C., Occurrence of Echinorhynchus clavula (Dujardin, 1845) nec Hamann, 1892 (Acanthocephala) in the fish of Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake), Merionethshire (1964) Journal of Parasitology, 50, pp. 52-59; 
Fujioka, Y., and Y. Kido. 1998. Distribution and growth of Cottus reinii from Lake Biwa. Pages 32-33 in Heisei 9-nendo Shiga-ken Suisan Shikenjo Jigyo Hokoku [1997 Annual Report of the Shiga Prefecture Fisheries Experiment Station]. Shigaken Suisan Shikenjo, Hikone, Japan. (In Japanese.)Fujita, T. 1927. Helminths parasitic in fishes from Lake Biwa. Dobutsugaku Zasshi 39:39-45, pl. I. (In Japanese.)Fukui, T., On some Acanthocephala found in Japan (1929) Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 12, pp. 255-270; 
Fukui, T., Morisita, T., On some species of Acanthocephala from Japan. Zikken Igaku Zasshi 21(supplement):1841-1848, 1 pi (1937), In JapaneseGrygier, M. J. 2004. Clarifying the parasitofauna of Lake Biwa. Pages 273284, 341-342 in K. Nagasawa, ed. Aquaparasitology in the Field in Japan. Tokai University Press, Hadano, Japan. (In Japanese.)Harada, I. 1935. Zur acanthocephalen Fauna von Japan. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Taihoku Imperial University of Formosa, Japan. 14(2):7-23Hoffman, G.L., (1999) Parasites of North American Freshwater Fishes, , 2nd ed. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York. 539 pp; 
Ichihara, A. 1964. Studies on Acanthocephala (15). Acanthocephalus opsariichthydis Yamaguti, 1935 obtained from Salmo gairdnerii irideus (Gibbons) fished up at Akigawa Valley in Tokyo. Meguro Kiseichukan Geppo 70:2-4Ito, I., On some observations of an acanthocephalan (Acanthocepharus [sic] sp. parasitizing rainbow trout (1959) first report). Shiga-ken Samegai Yoshoku Shikenjo Hokoku, 2, pp. 32-33. , In Japanese; 
Kamegai, S., Ichihara, A., A check list of the helminths from Japan and adjacent areas part I. Fish parasites reported by S (1972) The Research Bulletin of the Meguro Parasitological Museum, 6, pp. 1-43. , Yamaguti from Japanese waters and adjacent areas; 
Katoaka, N., and K. Momma. 1933. Notes on parasitic helminthes of ayu. Pages 257-275 in N. Katoaka, ed. Yogyo to Noen [Fish Farming and Agricultural Farm]. Privately published by Arimatsu, Nagao, Hyogo, Japan. (In Japanese.)Kataoka, N., and K. Momma. 1934. Helminthes from the salmonoid fish, Plecoglossus altivelis T. \& S. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 3:59 64Matsuura, K., A. Doi, and G. Shinohara. 2000. Distribution of Freshwater Fishes in Japan: Supplement to the Catalog of the Freshwater Fish Collection in the National Science Museum. National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan. 256 pp. (In Japanese and English.)Miller, R.I., Olson, A.C., Miller, I.W., Fish parasites occurring in thirteen Southern California reservoirs (1973) California Fish and Game, 59, pp. 196-206; 
Nagasawa, K., Egusa, S., Echinorhynchus cotti Yamaguti, 1935 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in fish of the Kanita River, with a note on the life cycle (1981) Japanese Journal of Parasitology, 30, pp. 45-49; 
Nagasawa, K., Egusa, S., Hara, T., Yagisawa, I., Ecological factors influencing the infection levels of salmonids by Acanthocephalus opsariichthydis (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in Lake Yunoko, Japan (1983) Fish Pathology, 18, pp. 53-60; 
Nagasawa, K., Urawa, S., Awakura, T., A checklist and bibliography of parasites of salmonids of Japan (1987) Scientific Reports of the Hokkaido, , Salmon Hatchery 41:1-75; 
Nakajima, K., and S. Egusa. 1975a. Acanthocephalus opsariichthydis Yamaguti, 1935, from cultured rainbow trout, Salmo gairdnerii irideus, in Japan. Fish Pathology 10:53-57. (In Japanese.)Nakajima, K., and S. Egusa. 1975b. Pseudorhadinorhynchus samegaiensis n. sp. (Acanthocephala), from cultured rainbow trout, Salmo gairdnerii in Japan. Fish Pathology 10:58-68. (In Japanese with English summary and species description.)Nakajima, K., Oota, T., Egusa, S., Some aspects of the parasitism and the susceptibility to some chemicals of the adult of the spiny-headed worms found in 2 years old rainbow trout kept at Samagai Trout Experimental Station (1975) Fish Pathology, 10, pp. 48-52. , In Japanese; 
Nakajima, T., Nakai, K., Lake Biwa (1994) Archiv f{\"u}r Hydrobiologie. Beiheft. Ergebnisse der Limnologie, 44, pp. 43-54; 
Nishino, M., Watanabe, N.C., Evolution and endemism in Lake Biwa, with special reference to its gastropod mollusc fauna (2000) Advances in Ecological Research, 31, pp. 151-180; 
Rossiter, A., Lake Biwa as a topical ancient lake (2000) Advances in Ecological Research, 31, pp. 571-598; 
Sakai, H., Ito, Y., Shedko, S.V., Safranov, S.N., Chereshnev, I.A., Jeon, S.-R., Goto, A., Phylogenetic and taxonomic relationships of northern Far Eastern phoxinin minnows, Phoxinus and Rhynchocypris (Pisces, Cyprinidae), as inferred from allozyme and mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequence analyses (2006) Zoological Science, 23, pp. 323-331; 
Schmidt, G.D., Resurrection of Southwellina Witenberg, 1932, with a description of Southwellina dimorpha sp. n., and a key to genera in Polymorphidae (Acanthocephala) (1973) Journal of Parasitology, 59, pp. 299-305; 
Shimazu, T. 1999. Acanthocephalans of freshwater fishes in Japan: a review. Journal of Nagano Prefectural College 54:21-29. (In Japanese with English abstract.)Stevenson, D.E., Discovery of the holotype of Chaeogobius annularis Gill (Perciformes: Gobiidae) and its taxonomic consequences (2000) Copeia 2000, pp. 835-840; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Acanthocephala from Japan (1925) Parasitology, 17, pp. 149-156; 
Van Cleave, H.J., The Acanthocephala collected by Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 1934 (1940) Report of the Allan Hancock, , Pacific Expedition 2:501-527; 
Yamaguti, S., Studies of the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 8. Acanthocephala, I (1935) Japanese Journal of Zoology, 6, pp. 247-278; 
Yamaguti, S., Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 29. Acanthocephala, II (1939) Japanese Journal of Zoology, 8, pp. 317-351. , pis. XLI-XLLX; 
Yamaguti, S., Systema Helminthum (1963) Acanthocephala, 5. , Wiley Interscience, New York, New York. 423 pp; 
Yuma, M., Hosoya, K., Nagata, Y., Distribution of the freshwater fishes of Japan: An historical overview (1998) Environmental Biology of Fishes, 52, pp. 97-124
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {244 - 253},
	abstract = {Six species of acanthocephalans were collected from 30 of 62 surveyed species of fish in Lake Biwa, the most ancient lake in Japan, and from various water bodies in the lake{\textquoteright}s drainage basin including the Seta and Daido Rivers. The 3 most common species were Acanthocephalus opsariichthydis Yamaguti, 1935 (8 new host records), Echinorhynchus cotti Yamaguti, 1935 (7 new host records), and Pseudorhadinorhynchus samegaiensis Nakajima and Egusa, 1975 (7 new host records; perhaps endemic to Lake Biwa and its basin). The latter 2 species were found only in the spring. Specimens of both species were also found in Gymnogobius isaza (Tanaka, 1916) in the autumn. Gravid females of all 3 species were found in the spring. Developed cystacanths of Southwellina hispida (Van Cleave, 1925) Witenberg, 1932 were also collected (5 new host records). Anatomical similarities between these species and the original descriptions are clearly evident, but differences in certain key characteristics are noted. Two recently described species of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) Verma and Datta, 1929, Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) alternatspinus Amin, 2005, and Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) parareceptaclis Amin, 2005 were also first collected in the course of this survey. Three species previously recorded in the 1920s and 1930s from Lake Biwa were not found in the present survey: Acanthocephalus aculeatus Van Cleave, 1931, Acanthocephalus gotoi Van Cleave, 1925, and Echinorhynchus parasiluri Fukui, 1929.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, Acanthocephalus echigoensis, Acanthocephalus gotoi, Acanthocephalus opsariichthydis, Acanthogyrus, Acanthosentis, Echinorhynchus cotti, Echinorhynchus parasiluri, Fish parasites, Gymnogobius isaza, Japan, Lake Biwa, New host records, Pseudorhadinorhynchus samegaiensis, Seasonality, Southwellina hispida},
	isbn = {15252647 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34547748422\&partnerID=40\&md5=cb499206fa357b3b7043a4a48a54a2ae},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Nagasawa, K. and Grygier, M.J.}
}
@article {71,
	title = {The structural-functional relationship of the para-receptacle structure in acanthocephala},
	journal = {Comparative ParasitologyComp. Parasitol.},
	volume = {74},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: COPAF:doi 10.1654/4257.1Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Occurrence of the subgenus Acanthosentis Verma and Datta, 1929 (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) in Japan, with the description of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) alternatspinus n. sp. and A. A. parareceptaclis n. sp. from Lake Biwa drainage fishes and a key to the species of the subgenus (2005) Systematic Parasitology, 60, pp. 125-137;Amin, O.M., Larsen, D., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: A biochemical profile of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Neoechinorhynchidae) (1989) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 108, pp. 309-315; 
Amin, O.M., Saoud, M.F.A., Akuwari, K.S.R., Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchide) from the blue-barred flame parrot fish, Scarus ghobban Forssk{\r a}l, 1775, in Qatari waters of the Arabian Gulf (2002) Parasitology International, 51, pp. 171-176; 
Amin, O.M., Whittaker, F.H., Klueber, K.M., Hoffpawr, J., Ultrastructural changes in the body wall of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Acanthocephala) associated with reproductive activity (1993) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 112, pp. 208-216; 
Garcia-Valera, M., M. P. Cummings, G. P{\'e}rez Ponce de Leon, S. L. Gardner, and J. P. Laclette. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences supports the existence of Class Polyacanthocephala (Acanthocephala). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23:288-292Meyer, A. 1933. Acanthocephala Pages 333-582 in H. G. Bronn, ed. Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs. 4. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M.B.H., Leipzig, Germany. (In German.)Monks, S., Phytogeny of the Acanthocephala based on morphological characters (2001) Systematic Parasitology, 48, pp. 81-116; 
Petrochenko, V. I. 1956. Acanthocephala of Domestic and Wild Animals. 1. Izdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow, Russia. 435 pp. (In Russian: English translation by Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel 1971, 465 pp.)Salgado-Maldonado, G., Acanthocephalos de peces IV. Description de dos especies nuevas de Neoechinorhynchus Hamann, 1892 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) y algunas consideraciones sobre este g{\'e}nero (1978) Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad National Aut{\'o}noma de Mexico, Serie Zoologia, 49 (1), pp. 35-37. , In Spanish; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Relationships of the Acanthocephala (1941) American Naturalist, 75, pp. 31-47; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Morphological and phylogenetic interpretations of the cement glands in the Acanthocephala (1949) Journal of Morphology, 34, pp. 157-427; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Specialization and formation of genera in Acanthocephala (1952) Systematic Zoology, 1, pp. 62-83
},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {383 - 387},
	abstract = {The para-receptacle structure (PRS) was first described in Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) qatarensis Amin, Saoud, and Alkuwari, 2002 (Neoechinorhynchidae), as a prominent vesicle connected proximally to the anterior body wall and distally to the posterior wall of the proboscis receptacle then extending into the body cavity of males and females as a posterior conduit tube. The PRS has since been observed in Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) golvani Salgado-Maldonado, 1978 (a new subgeneric diagnosis), and described in a member of another eoacanthocephalan family, Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) parareceptaclis Amin, 2005 (Quadrigyridae). In the latter species, a similar structure was also observed at the posterior end of the trunk. Our optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations in specimens of N. qatarensis show the PRS as a tandemly arranged set of nucleated cells delimited by a double-walled membrane and a muscular wall. It appears to be contractile with a secretory function related to changes in the hydrostatic pressure that may be associated with the extrusion and retraction of the proboscis in worms with weakly developed proboscis receptacle musculature. This is the first detailed study of the PRS and of its proposed function in the only 3 acanthocephalan species from which it has been identified to date. It is considered as an archaic structure present only in a few representatives of some primitive taxa having only a single-walled proboscis receptacle wall.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, Acanthogyrus, Acanthosentis, Hydrostatic skeleton, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus, Neoechinorhynchus golvani, Para-receptacle structure (PRS), Quadrigyridae},
	isbn = {15252647 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34547784548\&partnerID=40\&md5=30b835e02e71db9cd1128d5af7efd4ef},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Heckmann, R. and Standing, M.D.}
}
@article {72,
	title = {Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) dorsovaginatus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus (Sciaenidae) on the southern coast of South Africa},
	journal = {Systematic ParasitologySyst. Parasitol.},
	volume = {61},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):6Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: SYPAD:doi 10.1007/s11230-005-3130-1PubMed ID: 16025206Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, PO Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Effect of host spawning on Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) maturation and localization (1978) Journal of Fish Diseases, 1, pp. 195-197;Amin, O.M., Revision of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles \& Hassall, 1905 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) with keys to 88 species in two subgenera (2002) Systematic Parasitology, 53, pp. 1-18; 
Amin, O.M., Bullock, W.L., Neoechinorhynchus rostratum sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the eel, Anguilla rostrata, in estuarine waters of northeastern North America (1998) Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 65, pp. 169-173; 
Amin, O.M., Burrows, J.M., Host and seasonal associations of Echinorhynchus salmonis (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in Lake Michigan fishes (1977) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 34, pp. 325-331; 
Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Description of Neoechinorhynchus idahoensis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) in Catostomus columbianus from Idaho (1992) Journal of Parasitology, 78, pp. 34-39; 
Bilqees, F.M., Description of two Acanthocephala, including a new species Neoechinorhynchus karachiensis (Neoechinorhynchidea: Neoechinorhynchidae), from marine fishes of Karachi (1972) Sind University Research Journal, Science Series, 6, pp. 93-100; 
Chen, H.M., Shao, K.T., Chen, C.T., A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records (1994) Zoological Studies, 33, pp. 44-64; 
Chubb, J.C., Occurrence of Echinorhynchus clavula (Dujardin, 1845) nec Hamann, 1892 (Acanthocephala) in the fish of Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake), Merionethshire (1964) Journal of Parasitology, 50, pp. 52-59; 
Feltes, R.M., Polynemidae. Threadfins (2001) FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. the Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony Fishes Part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae), 590p. , Carpenter, K.E. \& Niem, V.H. (Eds) Rome: FAO; 
Griffiths, M.H., Heemstra, P.C., A contribution to the taxonomy of the marine fish genus Argyrosomus (Perciformes: Sciaenidae), with descriptions of two new species from Southern Africa (1995) Ichthyological Bulletin, J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, 65, pp. 1-40; 
Gupta, N.K., Jain, M., On three already known species of the genus Neoechinorhynchus Hamann, 1892 (Acanthocephala) from fish of the Arabian Sea (1983) Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 28, pp. 407-416; 
Kennedy, C.R., The effects of temperature and other factors upon the establishment and survival of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) in goldfish Carassius auratus (1972) Parasitology, 65, pp. 283-294; 
Lal Mohan, R.S., Fischer, W., Bianchi, G., Sciaenidae (1984) FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51) 4, , FAO Rome; 
Petrochenko, V.I., (1956) Acanthocephala of Domestic and Wild Animals, 1, 435p. , Moscow: Izdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, In Russian: English translation by Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem, 1971, 465 pp; 
Podder, T.N., A new species of Acanthocephala, Neoechinorhynchus topseyi n. sp., from a Calcuta fish, Polynemus heptadactylus (Cuv. et. Val.) (1937) Parasitology, 29, pp. 365-369; 
Troncy, P.M., Contribution a l{\textquoteright}{\'e}tude des helminthes d{\textquoteright}Afrique, principalement du Chad (1969) Bulletin du Mus{\'e}um National d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle, S{\'e}rie 2, 41, pp. 1487-1511; 
Yamaguti, S., Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 29. Acanthocephala, II (1939) Japanese Journal of Zoology, 8, pp. 317-351
},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {173 - 179},
	abstract = {Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) dorsovaginatus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) is described from the dusky kob, Argyrosomus japonicus (Temminck \& Schlegel) from the southern coast of South Africa in the Breede River Estuary. Like four other species of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles \& Hassall, 1905, N. (N.) africanus Troncy, 1969, N. (N.) johnii Yamaguti, 1939, N. topseyi Podder, 1937 and N. (N.) tylosuri Yamaguti, 1939, the new species has a very long, slender body, cylindrical testes and cement-gland, anterior proboscis hooks much longer than the middle or posterior hooks, and a long neck. The new species is the only species of Neoechinorynchus having an antero-dorsal hump just posterior to the neck and a specialised vaginal sphincter and a gonopore on the dorsal side. It is closest to N. (N.) johnii, but is distinguished from it by: the size of the trunk, proboscis, anterior proboscis hooks, neck, and the posterior testis in relation to the cement-gland; the shape of cerebral ganglion and proboscis hook root; and the number of giant nuclei in the cement-gland. {\textcopyright} Springer 2005.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, Animals, Argyrosomus japonicus, article, classification, histology, Kobus kob, Male, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus, Neoechinorhynchus africanus, Neoechinorhynchus johnii, Neoechinorhynchus topseyi, Neoechinorhynchus tylosuri, Parasitology, Perciformes, Rectum, river, Rivers, season, Seasons, South Africa},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-23744450653\&partnerID=40\&md5=6be0078f4183416b977d7351df1940da},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Christison, K.W.}
}
@article {73,
	title = {Occurrence of the subgenus Acanthosentis Verma \& Datta, 1929 (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) in Japan, with the description of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) alternatspinus n. sp. and A. (A.) parareceptaclis n. sp. from Lake Biwa drainage fishes and a key t},
	journal = {Systematic parasitologySyst Parasitol},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 15841349Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {125 - 137},
	abstract = {All 44 described species of the subgenus Acanthosentis Varma \& Datta, 1929 are recognised as valid. These include two new species, Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis)alternatspinus n. sp. from Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus (Kner) (Cyprinidae) and A. (A.) parareceptaclis n. sp. from Cobitis biwae Jordan \& Snyder (Cobitidae) in the Lake Biwa drainage, Japan. These are the first representatives of the subgenus Acanthosentis recorded from Japan. Most other species are found in the Indian subcontinent, but a few have been reported from China, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Europe and Central America. Only A. (A.) alternatspinus has the lateral proboscis hooks in the apical and middle circles markedly displaced posteriorly but of equal size to the other hooks in the same circles and multi-branched lemnisci. Acanthogyrus (A.) parareceptaclis uniquely possesses parareceptacle structures in both sexes as well as a pair of cone-shaped genital jackets flanking the vagina (vaginal sleeve). Two new names are provided: Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) adriaticus nom. nov. for A. (A.) lizae Orecchia, Paggi \& Radujkovic, 1988 nec Wang, 1896, and A. (A.) cheni nom. nov. for A. (A.) coiliae (Yamaguti) sensu Chen et al. (1973). A review of the species composition of Acanthosentis is provided and a key to its species and zoogeographical notes are included.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, animal parasitosis, Animals, article, Drainage, Female, fish, fish disease, Fish Diseases, Fishes, Fresh Water, Helminthiasis, Animal, histology, intestine, Intestines, isolation and purification, Japan, Male, Parasitology, species difference, Species Specificity, wound drainage},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-22844436816\&partnerID=40\&md5=c84b67997864cf2cce3f5821c4052e4a},
	author = {Amin, O.M.}
}
@article {74,
	title = {On the immature stages of Pallisentis (Pallisentis) celatus (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from occasional fish hosts in Vietnam},
	journal = {Raffles Bulletin of ZoologyRaffles Bull. Zool.},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):10Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P. O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United StatesReferences: Amin, O.M., Description of larval Acanthocephala parksidei Amin, 1975 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from its isopod intermediate host (1982) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 49, pp. 235-245;Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Morphometric growth of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Neoechinorhynchidae) and taxonomic implications (1986) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 105, pp. 375-380; 
Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Morphometric growth of Pomphorhnchus bulbocolli (Pomphorhynchidae) (1987) Journal of Parasitology, 73, pp. 806-810; 
Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Ecology and host Relationships of Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Pomphorhynchidae) (1987) Journal of Parasitology, 73, pp. 278-289; 
Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Ha, N.V., Luc, P.V., Doanh, P.C., Revision of the genus Pallisentis (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) with the erection of three new subgenera, the description of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) vietnamensis subgen. et sp. n., a key to species of Pallisentis, and the description of a new Quadrigyrid genus. Pararaosentis gen. n (2000) Comparative Parasitology, 67, pp. 40-50; 
Amin, O.M., Wongsawad, C., Marayong, T., Saehoong, P., Suwattanacoyuot, S., Sey, O., Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Plagiorhynchidae) from lizards, frogs, and fish in Thailand (1998) Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 65, pp. 174-178; 
Andryuk, L.V., The developmental cycle of Acanthocephalus lucii (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) (1979) Parazitologiya, 13, pp. 530-539. , Leningrad; 
Baylis, H.A., On some parasitic worms from Java, with remarks on the acanthocephalan genus Pallisentis (1933) Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 12, pp. 443-449. , Ser. 10; 
Bhalerao, G.D., On a new species of acanthocephala from Ophiocephalus striatus (1931) Annals and Magazine of Natural History., 7, pp. 569-573. , Ser. 10; 
Blyth, E., Report of the curator (1861) Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 98, pp. 107-111. , Zoological Department. Calcutta; 
Boulenger, G.A., (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia S. Ecaudata in the Collection of the British Museum, Ed. 2, pp. Xvi. , Taylor and Francis, London; 
Cantor, T.E., General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island (1842) Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, pp. 481-493; 
Cuvier, G., Valenciennes, A., Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome quinzieme. Suite du livre dix- Septi{\`e}me. Siluroides (1840) Histoire Naturelle des Poissons, 15, pp. i-xxxi+1-540. , Pls. 421-455; 
Cuvier, G., Valenciennes, A., Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome dix-septi{\`e}me. Suite de livre dix-huiti{\`e}me. Cyprinidae (1844) Histoire Naturelle des Poissons., 17, pp. ixxiii+1-497+2. , Pls. 487-519; 
De Giusti, D.L., The life cycle of Leptorhynchiodes thecatus (Limon), an acanthocephalan of fish (1949) Journal of Parasitology, 35, pp. 437-460; 
Ekbaum, E., Notes on the occurrence of acanthocephala in Pacific fishes. I. Echinorhynchus gadi (Zoega) M{\"u}ller in salmon and E. lageniformis sp. nov. and Corynosoma strumosum (Rudolphi) in two species of flounder (1938) Parasitology, 30, pp. 267-274; 
Fischer, S., Beitrange zur kenntniss der in der umgegend von St. Petersburg sich findenden Cyclopiden (1851) Bulletin de la Societ{\'e} Imp{\`e}riale de Naturalistes de Moscou, 24, pp. 409-438; 
George, P.V., Nadakal, A.M., Studies on the life cycle of Pallisentis nagpurensis Bhalerao, 1931 (Pallisentidae; Acanthocephala) parasitic in the fish Ophiocephalus striatus (Bloch) (1973) Hydrobiologia, 42, pp. 31-43; 
Goeze, J.A.E., (1782) Versuch Einer Naturgeschichte der Eingeweidew{\"u}rmer Thierischer K{\"o}rper, 471p. , Blankenburg; 
Hine, P.M., Acanthocephalus galaxii n. sp. parasitic in Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842) in the Lema Stream, New Zealand (1977) Journal of the Royal Society of NewZealand, 7, pp. 51-57; 
Kostylev, N.N., Le genre Leptorhynchoides, nouveau genre d{\textquoteright}acanthocephales parasites de poissons (1924) Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compar{\'e}e, 2, pp. 214-223; 
Lac{\'e}p{\`e}de, B.G.E., Histoire naturelle de poissons (1800) Histoire Naturelle de Poissons, 2, pp. i-Ix1v+1-632. , Pls. 1-20; 
Lac{\'e}p{\`e}de, B.G.E., Histoire naturelle des poissons (1801) Histoire Naturelle de Poissons, 3, pp. i-Ixvi+1-558. , Pls. 1-34; 
Leuckart, R., (1876) Die Menschlichen Parasiten und Die Vonihnen Herruhrenden Krankheiten, 2, 882p. , 3 Lief. Leipzig \& Heidelberg: C.F. Winter{\'s}che Verlagshandlung; 
Linnaeus, C., Systema Naturae, (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata) Holmiae (1758) Systema Naturae, Ed. 10, pp. i-ii+1-824; 
Linton, E., Notes on Entozoa of marine fishes with descriptions of new species. Part III. Acanthocephala (1891) Report of the U.S. Commisioner of Fish and Fisheries for 1889, 16, pp. 523-542; 
L{\"u}he, M., Acanthocephalen. Register der Acanthocephalen und parasitischen Plattwurmen geordnet nach ihren Wirten (1911) S{\"u}sswasserfauna Duetschlands, Eine Exkursionsfauna, Jena, 16, pp. 114P; 
Lyndon, A.R., Kennedy, C.R., Colonisation and extinction in relation to competition and resource partitioning in acanthocephalans of freshwater fishes of the British Isles (2001) Folia Parasitologica, 48, pp. 37-46; 
McCarthy, C.J., Relationships of the laticaudinae sea snakes (Serpentes: Elapidae: Laticaudinae) (1986) Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology), 50, pp. 127-161; 
Moravec, F., Sey, O., Acanthocephalans of freshwater fishes from North Vietnam (1989) V{\v e}stnik Ceskoslovensk{\'e} Spole{\v c}nosti Zoologick{\'e}, 53, pp. 89-106; 
M{\"u}ller, O.F., Zoologiae Danicae Prodromus seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum Characteres, Nomina et Synonyma imprimis popularium (1776) Havniae, 1, pp. 214-215; 
M{\"u}ller, O.F., Unterbrochene Bem{\"u}hungen bei den Intestinalw{\"u}rmen (1780) Schriften der Berlin Ishen, 1, pp. 201-210. , Gesellschaft naturforschende freunde, Berlin; 
Nickol, B., Is postcyclic transmission under estimated as an epizootiological factor for acanthocephalans? (2003) Helminthologia, 40, pp. 93-95; 
Nicholas, W.L., Hynes, H.B.N., Embryology, post-embryonic development and phylogeny of the Acanthocephala (1963) Lower Metazoa Comparative Biology and Phylogeny, pp. 385-402. , Dougherty, E. C., Z. N. Brown, E. D. Hanson \& W. D. Hartman (eds.), University of California Press, Berkeley; 
Olson, R.E., Pratt, I., The life cycle and larval development of Echinorhynchus lageniformis Ekbaum, 1938 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) (1971) Journal of Parasitology, 57, pp. 143-149; 
Pope, C.H., Four new frogs from Fukien Province, China (1929) American Museum Novitate, 252, pp. 4-8. , New York; 
Pough, F.H., Heiser, J.B., McFarland, W.N., (1989) Vertebrate Life, pp. 904+39p. , Macmillan Publ. Co., New York; 
Richardson, J., Report on the ichthyology of the seas of China and Japan (1846) Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 15 th Meeting, pp. 187-320; 
Schmidt, G.D., Development and life cycles (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 273-305. , Crompton, D. W. T. \& B. B. Nickol (eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge; 
Temminck, C.J., Schlegel, H., (1846) Pisces, Fauna Japonica, (2-4 PARTS), pp. 21-72; 
Van Cleave, H.J., The genus Neorhynchus in North America (1913) Zoologischer Anzeiger, 43, pp. 177-190; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Acanthocephala from the Illinois River, with descriptions of species and a synopsis of the family Neoechinorhynchidae (1919) Bulletin of the Illinois Natural History Survey, 13, pp. 225-257; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Acanthocephala from China. I. New species and new genera from Chinese fishes (1928) Parasitology, 20, pp. 1-9; 
Van Cleave, H.J., New Acanthocephala from fishes of Mississippi and a taxonomic reconsideration of forms with unusual numbers of cement glands (1931) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 50, pp. 348-363; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Townsend, L.H., On the assignment of Echinorhynchus dirus to the genus Acanthocephalus (1936) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 3, p. 63; 
Wang, P.Q., Notes on Acanthocephala from Fukien (1966) Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 3, pp. 1-18; 
Wang, P.Q., Notes on some species of Acathocephala from fishes of China (1981) Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 6, pp. 121-130; 
Wiegmann, A.F.A., Beitr{\"a}ge zue Zoologie, gesammelt auf einer Reise um de Erd, von Dr F. J. F. Meyen Amphibien. Nova (1835) Acta Physio-Medica Academia Caesarea Leopoldino-Carolina, 17, pp. 185-268d. , Halle; 
Zuiew, B., Biga Muraenarum, novae species (1793) Nova Acta Academiae Petropolitanae, 7, pp. 296-301
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {593 - 598},
	abstract = {Immature stages of Pallisentis (Pallisentis) celatus Van Cleave, 1928, were collected from the intestine of three species of occasional fish hosts in the Red River near Hanoi (21{\textdegree}1{\textquoteright}N; 105{\textdegree}52{\textquoteright}E). These are new records from Clarias fuscus (Valenciennes in Cuvier \& Valenciennes, 1840), Ophiocephalus maculatus (Lac{\'e}p{\`e}de, 1801) and Mastacembelus armatus (Lac{\'e}p{\`e}de. 1800). Worms reached moderate size hut did not reach sexual maturity or develop eggs and sperm. Measurements and illustrations are compared with those of sexually mature adults from China and Vietnam as previously reported by other observers. Attachment structures (hooks and spines) reached their (previously measured) maximum size compared to other anatomical structures in the youngest worms. Information on certain diagnostic features, e.g., giant nuclei, not recorded for the original and subsequent descriptions, are provided in this study. An additional pathway in the life cycle of P. (P.) celatus involving occasional fish hosts is proposed. {\textcopyright} National University of Singapore.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, Armatus, Channa, Clarias fuscus, Immatures, Mastacembelus armatus, morphology, Occasional hosts, Ophiocephalus maculatus, Pallisentis, Pallisentis celatus, Quadrigyridae, Vietnam},
	isbn = {02172445 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-15944427913\&partnerID=40\&md5=d1dc51476f0841b7c184fbefe912f36f},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Heckmann, R.A. and Ha, N.V.}
}
@article {75,
	title = {Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) zabensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from freshwater fish in northern Iraq},
	journal = {Folia ParasitologicaFolia Parasitol.},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):8Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: FPARAPubMed ID: 14971598Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Abdullah, S.M.A., (1990) Survey of the Parasites of Fishes of Dokan Lake, 1, 15p. , M.Sc. thesis, Coll. Sci., Univ. Salahaddin, Erbil, Iraq, In Arabic;Amin, O.M., Revision of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynehidae) with keys to 88 speceis in two subgenera (2002) Syst. Parasitol., 53, pp. 1-18; 
Amln, O.M., Al-Sady, R.S.S., Mhaisen, F.T., Bassat, S.F., Neoechinorhynchus iraqensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynehidae) from the freshwater mullet, Lisa abu (Heckel), in Iraq (2001) Comp. Parasitol., 68, pp. 108-111; 
Fattohy, Z.I., (1975) Studies on the Parasites of Certain Teleostean Fishes from the River Tigris, Mosul, Iraq, 136p. , M.Sc. thesis. Coll. Sci., Univ. Mosul, Mosul, Iraq, In Arabic; 
Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2003) Fish Base, , www.fishbase.org, World Wide Web electronic publication. version 20 June 2003
},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {293 - 297},
	abstract = {Neoechinorhynclus (Neoechinorhynclus) zabensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) is described from Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes, 1842) (type host) and Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) in the Greater and Lesser Zab Rivers, northern Iraq. The new species is unique among all other species of the genus by its characteristic paired para-vaginal muscular appendage and fragmented giant nuclei in the lemnisci. Eleven of the other 88 valid species of Neoechinorhynchus and N. zabensis have middle and posterior hooks of equal length. However. N. zabensis is distinguished from the others the size of trunk, proboscis, proboscis hooks and lemnisci, number of giant nuclei, position of female gonopore, and geographical and host distribution. It is also distinguished from six other species of Neoechinorhynchus previously reported from Iraq. Other distinguishing features are also included.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, animal parasitosis, Animalia, Animals, article, Capoeta, Capoeta damascina, Capoeta trutta, classification, Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes, Female, fish disease, Fish Diseases, Fresh Water, Helminthiasis, Animal, histology, Iraq, Male, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus, Neoechinorhynclus zabensis, Parasitology, Zab River},
	isbn = {00155683 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0742302435\&partnerID=40\&md5=e4e6d68bdec6d4f042d4c000a95611e9},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Abdullah, S.M.A. and Mhaisen, F.T.}
}
@article {76,
	title = {Description of subadult Pallisentis (Pallisentis) rexus (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from the vertebrate intermediate host in Thailand with an examination of the species identity},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Biological Society of WashingtonProc. Biol. Soc. Wash.},
	volume = {116},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusLanguage of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parisitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United StatesReferences: Amin, O.M., Description of larval Acanthocephalus parksidei Amin, 1975 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from its isopod intermediate host (1982) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 49, pp. 235-245;Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from take fishes in Wisconsin: Morphometric growth of Neoechinorhynchus cyclindtratus (Neoechinorhynchidae) and taxonomic implications (1986) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 105, pp. 375-380; 
Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Morphometric growth of Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Pomphoorhynchidae) (1987) Journal of Parasitology, 73, pp. 806-810; 
Amin, O.M., Heckman, R.A., Ha, N.V., Luc, P.V., Doanh, P.N., Revision of the genus Pallisentis (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) with the erection of three new subgenera, the description of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) vietnamensis subgen. et sp. n., a key to species of Pallisentis, and the description of a new Quadrigyrid genus, Pararaosentis gen. n (2000) Comparative Parasitology, 67, pp. 40-50; 
Gupta, V., Sinha, G., On a new acanthocepalan parasite Pallisentis fotedari sp. nov. from the intestine of a marine fish Clupea longiceps Gunther from Puri Coast, Orissa (1991) Indian Journal of Helminthology, 43, pp. 19-26; 
Koul, P.L., Raina, M.K., Bambroo, P., Koul, U., Pallisentis jagani sp. nov. from Channa channa in Jammu (1991) Indian Journal of Helminthology, 43, pp. 124-128; 
Liu, D., Zhang, Z.K., A new species of the genus Pallisentis Van Cleave (Neoechinorhynchidea: Quadrigyridae) (1993) Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 18, pp. 5-9; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Acanthocephala from China. I. New species and new genera from Chinese fishes (1928) Parasitology, 20, pp. 1-9; 
Wongkham, W., Whitfield, P.J., Pallisentis rexus n. sp. (Eocanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from snakehead fish, Channa striata Bloch, from Chiang Mai Basin, Thailand (1999) Thai Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32, pp. 241-261; 
Zieuw, B., Biga Muraenarum, novae species (1793) Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, 7, pp. 296-301
},
	month = {2003///},
	pages = {215 - 221},
	abstract = {Subadults (considerably developed immatures) of the quadrigyrid acanthocephalan Pallisentis rexus Wongkham \& Whitfield, 1999 are described from the swamp eel, Monopterus albus (Zieuw, 1793) in Thailand. The species is placed in the subgenus Pallisentis. Our specimens are compared with adults of the same species collected from the freshwater snakehead Ophicephalus striata Bloch also from Thailand. Discrepancies from the original description are noted, certain structures, e.g., proboscis hook roots and brain (cepahalic ganglion), are re-interpreted, and additional information provided.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephalus, Anguilliformes, Chelone glabra, Monopterus albus, morphology, Pallisentis, Quadrigyridae, Vertebrata},
	isbn = {0006324X (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037646869\&partnerID=40\&md5=27e4c529f4f96135b956e7225343c6e1},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Taraschewski, H.}
}
@article {59,
	title = {Redescription of sphaerirostris picae (acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from magpie, pica pica, in northern Iran, with special reference to unusual receptacle structures and notes on histopathology},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. Parasitol.},
	volume = {96},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):3Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.1645/GE-2249.1PubMed ID: 20557203Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda $\#$ 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Bancroft, J.D., Gamble, M., (2001) Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques, p. 800. , 5th ed Churchill Livingstone Publishers, Edingburough, U.K;Belopolskaya, M.M., Acanthocephala from charadriiform birds in the European part of the USSR Vestink Leningradskogo Universiteta (1983) Biologiya, 3, pp. 17-27; 
Cordonnier, L.M., Ward, H.L., A redescription of Sphaerirostris teres (Westrumb, 1821) (Acanthocephala) from crows of Egypt (1968) Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 43, pp. 105-107; 
De Marval, L., Monographie de acanthocephales d{\textquoteright}soiseaux (1905) Revue Suisse Zoolgie, 13, pp. 195-387; 
Dimitrova, Z.M., Georgiev, B.B., Genov, T., Acanthocephalans of the family Centrorhynchidae (Palaeacanthocephala) from Bulgaria (1997) Folia Parasitologica, 44, pp. 224-232; 
Murai, E., Genov, T., Some species of the family Centrorhynchidae Van Cleave, 1916 (Acanthocephala) from Hungarian birds (1995) Parasitologia Hungarica, 28, pp. 89-99; 
Dollfus, R.P.H., Golvan, Y., Le genre Centrorhynchus L{\"u}he, 1911 (Acanthocephala-Polymorphidae) (1957) Note Rectificative Bulletin IFAN, Ser. A, 19, pp. 412-416; 
Florescu, B.I., Ienistea, M.-A., Apercu sur les acanthocephales de Roumanie (Acanthocephala) (1984) Travaux de Mu{\'s}eum d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle Grigore Antipa, 25, pp. 7-45; 
Galigher, A.E., Kozloff, E.N., (1971) Essentials of Practical Microtechnique, p. 531. , 2nd ed Lee and Febiger, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 
Golvan, Y., Le genre Centrorhynchus l{\"u}he 191 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae). Revision des esp{\`e}ces europ{\`e}ennes et description d{\textquoteright}une nouvelle esp{\`e}ce Africaine parasite de rapace diurne (1956) Bulletin de l{\textquoteright}Institute Francais d{\textquoteright}Afrique Noire (Ser. A), 18, pp. 732-785; 
Le Phylum des Acanthocephala. Troisi{\`e}me Note. La Classe de Palaeacanthocephala (Meyer, 1931) ( suite) (1960) Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 35, pp. 575-593; 
Nomenclature of the acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
Hoklova, I.G., Acanthocephalans of birds from Yakutiya (1971) Trudy Gelan, 22, pp. 215-223; 
Acanthocephalans of terrestrial vertebrates of USSR fauna (1985) Izdatel{\textquoteright}Stvo {\'N} Auk{\'a}, p. 276. , Moscow, Russia; 
(1986) The Acanthocephalan Fauna of Terrestial Vertebrates of SSSR, p. 276. , Nauka, Moscow, Russia; 
Kienan, J.A., (2002) Histological and Histochemical Methods; Theory and Practice, p. 502. , Churchill Livingstone, Edingburough, U.K; 
Lee, R.E., (1992) Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Microanalysis, p. 458. , Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey; 
Lisitsyna, O.I., Tkach, V.V., Morphology of cystacanths of some acanthocephalans from aquatic and terrestrial intermediate hosts in the Ukraine (1994) Helminthologia, 31, pp. 83-90; 
Meyer, A., Acanthocephala (1932) Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs, pp. 333-582. , Dr. H. G. Bronns, Leipzig, Germany, Bd. 4,2 Abt. 2 Buch, I Leif: 1-332 and 2 Lief; 
Mullarney, K., Svensson, L., Setterstrom, D., Grant, P.J., (1999) Collins Bird Guide, p. 512. , Harper Collins Publishers Ltd., London, U.K; 
Petrochenko, V.I., (1958) Acanthocephala of Domestic and Wild Animals, 2. , Moscow: Isdatel{\textquoteright}stv Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow; 
Schmidt, G.D., Kuntz, R.E., Centrorhynchus spilornae sp. n. (Acanthocephala), and other Centrorhynchidae from the far East (1969) Journal of Parasitology, 55, pp. 329-334; 
Sultanov, M.A., Kabilov, T.K., Siddikov, B.K.H., Infection of Isopoda with helminth larvae (1980) Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal, 54, p. 7; 
Trost, C.H., Black-billed magpie (Pica pica) (1999) The Academy of Natural Sciences, pp. 1-28. , The birds of North America, account 389 A. Poole and F. Gill (eds.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and The American Ornithologists{\textquoteright} Union, Washington, D.C; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Centrorhynchus pinguis n. sp., from China (1918) Journal of Parasitology, 4, pp. 164-169; 
Westrumb, A.H.L., De helminthibus acanthocephalis. Commentatio historico-Anatomico adnexo recensu animalium (1821) Musco Vindobonensi Circa Helminthes Dissectorum et Singularum Specierum Harum in Illis Repertarum, p. 85. , Helwing Edit., Hanoverae Helwig; 
Yamaguti, S., Acanthocephala (1963) Systema Helminthum, 5, p. 423. , Interscience Publishers, New York, New York
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {561 - 568},
	abstract = {<p>Adults of Sphaerirostris picae (Rudolphi, 1819) Golvan, 1956 are described from European magpie, Pica pica Linnaeus (Corvidae), collected in 2008 from wooded areas near the northern Iranian town of Tonekabon by the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. Other specimens also were collected from Corvus cornix Linnaeus, Corvus corone Linnaeus, and Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus (Corvidae) in the same location, as well as from some of these hosts in other locations. Our specimens had 31-38 proboscis hook rows on the ovoid anterior proboscis and 27-36 spine rows on the cylindrical- to cone-shaped posterior proboscis, each with 8-10 hooks and 2-5 spines per row, respectively. They are distinguished from those of all other species of the genus by having a unique prominent expansion of the dorsal inner receptacle wall, called the receptacle process (RP), anteriorly into the anterior proboscis and by the presence of longitudinal alveolar lobes throughout the receptacle and proboscis. The RP is described using histological sections. Sphaerirostris picae is further distinguished from 2 closely related species, namely, Sphaerirostris lancea (Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1956 and Sphaerirostris pinguis (Van Cleave, 1918) Golvan, 1956, by characteristics of proboscis armature, position of female gonopore, and other reproductive system and receptacle features. Histological sections revealed damage to host intestinal tissue. \&copy; 2010 American Society of Parasitologists.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, adult, Animals, article, Bird Diseases, Centrorhynchidae, Corvidae, Corvus corone, Corvus corone cornix, Corvus frugilegus, Female, flatworm, genital system, Helminthiasis, Animal, histopathology, host-parasite interaction, intestine, Iran, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, nonhuman, parasite, Parasitology, Passeriformes, Pica pica, Prevalence, reproductive biology, Seasons, songbird, species difference, species identification, Sphaerirostris lancea, Sphaerirostris picae, Sphaerirostris pinguis},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953830637\&partnerID=40\&md5=c789c4287fb9706eeebeed3bd11e63b9},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Heckmann, R.A. and Halajian, A. and Eslami, A.}
}
@article {60,
	title = {Description of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) buckneri n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the Blacktail Redhorse Moxostoma poecilurum (Catostomidae) in the Tchoutacabouffa River, Mississippi, U.S.A., with a key to species of Neoechin},
	journal = {Comparative ParasitologyComp. Parasitol.},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: COPAF:doi 10.1654/4392.1Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Revision of neoechinorhynchus stiles and hassall, 1905 (acanthocephala: Neoechinorhychi-dae) with keys to 88 species in two subgenera (2002) Systematic Parasitology, 53, pp. 1-18;Amin, O.M., Gunset, M., The pattern of giant nuclei in neoechinorhynchus rulili (acanthocephala: neoechinorhynchidae) (1992) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 111, pp. 65-69; 
Amin, O.M., Muzzall, P.M., Redescription of neoechinorhynchus tenellus (acanthocephala: neoechinorhynchidae) from esox lucius (esocidae) and sander vitreus (percidae) among other percid and centrarchid fish in Michigan (2009) U.S.A. Comparative Parasitology, 76, pp. 44-50; 
Amin, O.M., Vignieri, J.C., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Numerical and structural-functional relationships of the giant nuclei in neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (neoechinorhynchidae) (1986) Journal of Parasitology, 72, pp. 88-94; 
Amin, O.M., Vignieri, J.C., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: The giant nuclei pattern in neoechinorhynchus robertbaueri and n. prolixoides (neoechinorhynchidae) (1986) Proceedings of the Helmintho-logical Society of Washington, 53, pp. 184-193; 
Amin, O.M., Whittaker, F.H., Klueber, K.M., Hoffpauir, J., Ultrastructural changes in the body wall of neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (acanthocephala) associated with reproductive activity (1993) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 112, pp. 208-216; 
(2008) Encyclopedia Britannica Online, , http://www.britannica.com/, Amur River Accessed; 
Buckner, R.L., Buckner, S.C., Description of neoechinorhynchus carinatus n. sp. (acanthocephala: neoechinoihynchidae) from the sharpfin chubsucker, erimyzon tennis, of Louisiana and Mississippi (1993) Journal of Parasitology, 79, pp. 32-36; 
Bullock, W.L., Neoechinorhynchus prolixoides n. sp. (acanthocephala) from North American fishes (1963) Proceeding of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 30, pp. 92-96; 
Byram, J.E., Fisher Jr., F.M., The absorptive surface of moniliformis dubius (acanthocephala) (1973) Fine structure, 5, pp. 553-579. , Tissue and Cell; 
Crompton, D.W.T., Lee, D.L., The fine structure of the body wall of polymorphic minutus (goeze, 1782) (acanthocephala) (1965) Parasitology, 55, pp. 357-364; 
Dorpat, P., McCoy, G., (1998) Building Washington: a history of Washington State public works, , Taru Publications, Seattle, Washington; 
Etnier, D.A., Starnes, W.C., (1993) The fishes of Tennessee, , The University of Tennessee Press, Knox-ville, Tennessee; 
Foster, D.H., Batorfalvy, T.N., Medalie, L., Water use in New Hampshire: An activities guide for teachers (2000) U.S. Geological Survey Outreach Product, 1 map. USGS, Pembroke, New Hampshire, p. 17; 
Hubbs C, Edwards, R.J., Garret, G.P., An annotated check list of freshwater fishes of Texas, with key to the identification of species (1991) Texas Journal of Science Supplement, 43, pp. 1-56; 
Jenkins, R.E., Moxostoma poecilurum (jordon), blacktail redhorse (1980) Lee, Gilbert, Hocutt, Jenkins, McAllister and Stauffer, pp. i-r+854. , Page 43 in eds. Atlas of American Freshwater Fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History Raleigh, North Carolina; 
Lee, R.E., Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, p. 458; 
Lynch, J.E., New species of neoechinorhynchus from the western sucker, catostomus macrocheilus girard (1936) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 55, pp. 21-43; 
Page, L.M., Burr, B.M., (1991) A Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes of North America North of Mexico, p. 432. , Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts; 
Roitman, V.A., Acanthocephala of fishes in the Zeya basin (1961) Trudy Gelmintologicheskoi Laboratorii, 11, pp. 194-207. , Akade-miya Nauk SSSR; 
Tyson, C.N., (1981) The Red River in Southwestern History, , University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma; 
Van Cleave, H.J., H.F. Timmons, An additional new species of the acanthocephalan genus Neoechinorhynchus (1952) Journal of Parasitology, 38, pp. 53-56; 
Whitfleld, P.J., (1979) The Biology of Parasitism: An Introduction to the Study of Associating Organisms., p. 277. , University Park Press, Baltimore, Maryland; 
Wright, R.D., Lumsden, R.D., Ultrastructure of the tegumentary pore-canal system of the acanthocephalan moniliformis dubius (1969) Journal of Parasitology, 55, pp. 993-1003
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {154 - 161},
	abstract = {Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) buckneri n. sp. is described from the blacktail redhorse Moxostoma poecilurum (Jordon) (Catostomidae) in the Tchoutacabouffa River, Mississippi, U.S.A. It is the sixteenth species of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905, with unequal lemnisci, and the sixth in a subgroup with dorsal body wall markedly thicker than ventral. Another species of the latter group, Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) carinalus Buckner and Buckner, 1993, was also collected in the Tchoutacabuffa River, Mississippi, and tributaries of 2 other streams in Louisiana, U.S.A., from the sharpfin chubsucker, Erimyzon tenuis (Agassiz). All 3 streams from the 2 adjacent states discharge into the Gulf of Mexico. Most of these 16 species occur in North American freshwater fishes. Females of N. buckneri n. sp. are twice as long as males and their dorsal body wall is 4 times as thick as the ventral body wall, compared with 2.5 times as thick in males. All other shared structures are of similar size in both sexes. Proboscis armature is unremarkable, with hook circles being evenly spaced and hook sizes in each circle of similar size, but slightly decreasing in size posteriorly from 38-42 μm long anteriorly to 33-34 μm long at middle to 25 μm long posteriorly in both sexes. It is further distinguished from the group of 16 other species of Neoechinorhynchus with unequal lemnisci and body wall thickness, by having moderately but not extremely diverse leminisci, noncontiguous testes, and posterior testis distant from cement gland. A key distinguishing N. buckneri n. sp. from other species with different dorsoventral body wall thickness is provided. Scanning electron microscopy studies show the porous cuticular surface and the curling of the posterior end of breeding females caused by the contraction of the paired paravaginal muscles, among other features.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, Catostomidae, Erimyzon tenuis, Hebesoma, Mississippi, Moxostoma poecilurum, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus, Neoechinorhynchus (N.) buckneri n. sp., Pisces, Thick dorsal body wall, U.S.A, Unequal lemnisci},
	isbn = {15252647 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-69849112369\&partnerID=40\&md5=d45564bc19a5468df2861f79c264e376},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Heckmann, R.A.}
}
@article {61,
	title = {Redescription of rhadinorhynchus ornatus (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) from skipjack Tuna, katsuwonus pelamis, collected in the pacific Ocean off South America, with special reference to new morphological features},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. Parasitol.},
	volume = {95},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):3Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.1645/GE-1804.1PubMed ID: 19642805Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: ABDOU, N. E. 2000. Light and scanning electron microscopy of Flori-ceps sp. plerocercoid (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) from the Red Sea fish Tylosurus choram. Journal of Union Arab Biologists 14A(Zoology): 37-47MAHFOUZ, M.E., Ultrastructural and genetic diversity studies of two Sclerocollum (Acanthocephala) species infecting siganid and lutianid fishes from the Red Sea, Egypt (2006) Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 36, pp. 1035-1056;AMIN, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Ecology and host relationships of Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Pom-phorhynchidae) (1987) Journal of Parasitology, 73, pp. 278-289; 
-, AND M. D. DAILEY. 1998. Description of Mediorhynchus pap-illosus (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae) from a Colorado, U.S.A. population, with a discussion of morphology and geographical variability. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 65: 189-200AMIN, O.M., LARSEN, D., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: A biochemical profile of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus (Neoechinorhynchidae) (1989) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 108, pp. 309-315; 
AMIN, O.M., LARSEN, D., REDLIN, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acan-thocephala: Echinorhynchidae), with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20; 
AMIN, O.M., LARSEN, D., REDLIN, M.J., VAN OOSTERHOUT, C., BLAIS, J., ROBINSON, R.L., CABLE, J., On the ecology and host relationships of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) tilapiae (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from cichlids in Lake Malawi (2008) Comparative Parasitology, 75, pp. 278-282; 
ANDERSEN, K., Comparison of surface topography of three species of Diphyllobothrium (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) by scanning electron microscopy (1975) International Journal for Parasitology, 5, pp. 293-300; 
BULLOCK, W.L., Histochemical studies on the Acanthocephala. I. The distribution of lipase and phosphatase (1949) Journal of Morphology, 84, pp. 185-200; 
BULLOCK, W.L., Histochemical studies on the Acanthocephala. II. The distribution of glycogen and fatty substances (1949) Journal of Morphology, 84, pp. 201-226; 
-. 1960. Histochemical studies of the Acanthocephala. IV. Acid phosphatase distribution in some Neoechinorhynchidae. Libro Homenaji Al, Dr. Edwardo Cabbaroy Caballero, p. 423-428BYRAM, J.E., FISHER JR., F.M., The absorptive surface of Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala). 1. Fine structure (1973) Tissue and Cell, 5, pp. 553-579; 
CARVAJAL, J., BARROS, C., WHITTAKER, F., Scanning electron microscopy of scolices of some tetraphyllidean cestodes in Chilean skates (1985) Microscopia Electronica y Biologia Celular, 9, pp. 23-33; 
CHANDLER, A.C., A revision of the genus Rhadinorhynchus (Acanthocephala) with descriptions of new genera and species (1934) Par-asitology, 26, pp. 352-358; 
COLLETTE, B.B., PARIN, N.V., Belonidae (1986) Fishes of the northern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, 2, pp. 604-609. , P. J. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hurean, J. Nielsen, and E. Tortonese eds, UNESCO, Paris, France, p; 
CROMPTON, D.W.T., Morphological and histochemical observations on Polymorphus minutus (Goeze, 1782), with special reference to the body wall (1963) Parasitology, 53, pp. 663-685; 
CROMPTON, D.W.T., LEE, D.L., The fine structure of the body wall of Polymorphus minutus (Goeze, 1782) (Acanthocephala) (1965) Parasitology, 55, pp. 357-364; 
DEZFULI, B.S., LUI, A., GIARI, L., BOLDRINI, P., GIOVINAZZO, G., Ultrastructural study on the body surface of the acanthocephalan parasite Dentitruncus truttae in brown trout (2008) Microscopy Research and Technique, 71, pp. 230-235; 
GARDIEFF, S.U., Skipjack tuna, , Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida, 7 p; 
GOLVAN, Y. J. 1969. Syst{\'e}matique des Acanthoc{\'e} phales (Acanthoceph-ala Rudolphi, 1801). L{\textquoteright}ordre de Palaeacanthocephala Meyer, 1931. I. La super-famille de Echinorhynchoidea (Cobbold, 1876) Golvan et Houin, 1963. Memoires de Mus{\'e}um national dHistoire naturelle, Nouvelle S{\'e}rie, S{\'e}rie A, Zoologie 57(fascicule unique): 1-373GARDIEFF, S.U., Nomenclature of the Acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
HARADA, I., A new species of Acanthocephala from the Japanese bonito, Euthynnus vagans (1928) Japanese Journal of Zoology, 2, pp. 1-4. , Tokyo; 
JONES, J.B., Movements of albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) in the South Pacific: Evidence from parasites (1991) Marine Biology, 111, pp. 1-9; 
LEE, R.E., (1992) Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis, , Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 458 p; 
LINTON, E. 1891. Notes on entozoa of marine fishes, with descriptions of new species. Part III. Acanthocephala. Report of the U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries for 1888 16: 523-542LEE, R.E., Notes on parasites of Bermuda fishes (1908) Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum of Washington, 23, pp. 85-126; 
LEE, R.E., Notes on Acanthocephala mainly from fishes and birds of the Woods Hole region, , Unpublished, 81 p; 
LUMSDEN, R.D., Surface ultrastructure and cytochemistry of parasitic helminths (1975) Experimental Parasitology, 37, pp. 267-339; 
LUMSDEN, R.D., The tapeworm tegument: A model system for studies on membrane structure and function in host-parasite relationships (1975) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 94, pp. 501-507; 
MEYER, A. 1933. Acanthocephala. In Bronns Klassen und Ordungen des Tierreichas, 4. Akademische Verlagsellschaft, Leipzig, Germany, p. 333-582MILLER, D.M., DUNAGAN, T.T., Body wall organization of the acanthocephalan Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus: A reex-amination of the lacunar system (1976) Proceedings of the Helminthol-ogical Society of Washington, 43, pp. 99-106; 
MILLER, D.M., DUNAGAN, T.T., Functional morphology (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 73-123. , D. W. T. Crompton and B. B. Nickol eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K, p; 
MIZINSKA-BOEVSKA, Y., TODEVI, I., GEORGIEVA, K., YONEVA, A., Structural characteristics of the integument and the intestinal wall of Gongylonema pulchrum (Molin, 1857) (2001) Helminthologia, 38, pp. 123-127; 
PETROCHENKO, V.I., (1956) Acanthocephala of domestic and wild animals, 1. , Isdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSR, Moscow, Russia, In Russian: English translation by Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel, 465 p; 
REESE, G., Some helminth parasites of fishes of Bermuda and an account of the attachment organ of Alcicornis carangis Mac-Callum, 1917 (Digenea: Bucephalidae) (1970) Parasitology, 60, pp. 195-221; 
STARLING, J.A., Tegumental carbohydrate transport in intestinal helminthes: Correlation between mechanisms of membrane transport and the biochemical environment of absorptive surfaces (1975) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 94, pp. 508-523; 
STARLING, J.A., Feeding, nutrition and metabolism (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 125-212. , D. W. T. Crompton and B. B. Nickol eds, Cambridge University, Cambridge, U.K, p; 
THREADGOLD, L.T., ARME, C., Hymenolepis diminuta: An electron microscope study of ion absorption (1974) Experimental Parasi-tology, 35, pp. 475-491; 
UBELAKER, J.E., ALLISON, V.F., SPECIAN, R.D., Surface topography of Hymenolepis diminuta by scanning electron microscopy (1973) Journal of Parasitology, 59, pp. 667-671; 
UGLEM, G.L., Evidence for a sodium ion exchange carrier linked with glucose transport across the brush border of a flatworm (Hy-menolepis diminuta, Cestoda) (1976) Biochima et Biophysica, Acta, 443, pp. 126-136; 
VAN CLEAVE, H.J., Acanthocephala of the subfamily Rhadinor-hynchinae from American fish (1918) Journal of Parasitology, 5, pp. 17-24; 
-. 1940. The Acanthocephala collected by the Allen Hancock Pacific Expedition, 1934. Allen Hancock Foundation Publications, University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles, California, Ser. 1, 2, 15: 501-527WARD, H.L., Parasites of marine fishes of the Miami region (1954) Bulletin of the Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 4, pp. 244-261; 
WHITFIELD, P.J., (1979) The biology of parasitism: An introduction to the study of associating organisms, , University Park Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 277 p; 
WILLIAMS JR., E.H., BUNKLEY-WILLIAMS, L., Parasites of offshore big game fishes of Puerto Rico and the Western Atlantic (1996) The Puerto Rico Department of Natural Environmental Resources, San Juan, Puerto Rico and the University of Puerto Rico, , Maya-guez, Puerto Rico, 382 p; 
WRIGHT, R.D., LUMSDEN, R.D., Ultrastructure of the tegu-mentary pore-canal system of the acanthocephalan Moniliformis dubius (1969) Journal of Parasitology, 55, pp. 993-1003; 
WRIGHT, R.D., LUMSDEN, R.D., The acanthor tegument of Moniliformis dubius (1970) Journal of Parasitology, 56, pp. 727-735; 
YAMAGUTI, S., Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 8. Acanthocephala, I (1935) Japanese Journal of Zoology, 6, pp. 247-278; 
YAMAGUTI, S., Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 29. Acan-thocephala, II (1939) Japanese Journal of Zoology, 13, pp. 317-351; 
YAMAGUTI, S., (1963) Systema helminthum, Acanthocephala, 5. , Wiley Interscience, New York, New York, 423 p; 
YAMANE, Y., MAEJIMA, J., KAMO, H., Study of Spirometra erinacei (Rudolphi, 1819) Faust, Campbell and Kellog, 1929 through scanning electron microscope (1974) Yonago Acta Medica, 18, pp. 84-93; 
YAMANE, Y., MAEJIMA, J., KAMO, H., NAKAGAWA, A., MAKINO, Y., Ultrastructure of the tegument of Diphyllobothrium latum by scanning electron microscopy (1982) Japanese Journal of Parasitology, 31, pp. 33-46; 
YAMANE, Y., MAEJIMA, J., KAMO, H., NAKAGAWA, A., MAKINO, Y., YAZAKI, S., Scanning electron microscopic observation of the tegumental structure of Diphyllobothriid cestodes. Yo-nago (1975) Acta Medica, 19, pp. 197-206
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {656 - 664},
	abstract = {Adults of Rhadinorhynchus ornatus Van Cleave, 1918 were collected from the small intestine of skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus), in the high seas of the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of South America (new parasite locality record) and described using optical microscopy and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Our specimens were somewhat comparable to those described from North America and Japan, but had more trunk spines. Definitive differences between the length and thickness of each of the dorsal and ventral proboscis hooks are noted for the first time, with most ventral middle hooks being relatively shorter and more robust than dorsal middle hooks. The SEM documented, for the first time, the different surface topography of the tegument in the proboscis, the neck, and in 3 trunk regions; the presence of microtrichs in the mid- and posterior trunk regions; the elevated base of trunk spines; the circular arrangement of basal proboscis hooks; the different morphology of all dorsal and ventral proboscis hooks and the striations of their surface; the ribbed surface topography of eggs; the elevated slit-like female gonopore; and the rimmed edge of the bursa. The presence of microtrichs on the tegumental surface is further supported by transmission electron microscopy studies. This is the first report of microtrichs in any species of Acanthocephala and the second report of striations in proboscis hooks. The geographical distribution of R. ornatus appears to correspond, at least in part, to that of its epipelagic primary host, K. pelamis, throughout the world in waters ranging in temperature from 14.7 to 30 C. {\textcopyright} 2009 American Society of Parasitologists.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, animal disease, animal parasitosis, animal tissue, Animals, article, classification, definitive host, Female, fish disease, Fish Diseases, flatworm, geographical distribution, Helminthiasis, Animal, host, host-parasite interaction, integument, intestine parasite, isolation and purification, Katsuwonus, Katsuwonus pelamis, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, morphology, new species, nonhuman, Pacific Ocean, Pacific Ocean (West), parasitism, Parasitology, perciform, photic zone, Prevalence, Rhadinorhynchidae, Rhadinorhynchus ornatus, scanning electron microscopy, South America, transmission electron microscopy, Tuna, ultrastructure},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349476093\&partnerID=40\&md5=4fdc4135667bd61270ea97f1d488ed8f},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Heckmann, R.A. and Radwan, N.A.E. and Anchundia, J.S.M. and Alcivar, M.A.Z.}
}
@article {62,
	title = {Redescription of Neoechinorhynchus tenellus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from esox lucius (Esocidae) and Sander vitreus (Percidae), among other Pereid and Centrarchid fish, in Michigan, U.S.A.},
	journal = {Comparative ParasitologyComp. Parasitol.},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):5Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: COPAF:doi 10.1654/4373.1Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Variability in Acanthocephalus parksidei Amin, 1974 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) (1975) Journal of Parasitology, 61, pp. 307-317;Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Ecology and host relationships of Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Pomphorhynchidae) (1987) Journal of Parasitology, 73, pp. 278-289; 
Amin, O.M., Revision of Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) with keys to 88 species in two subgenera (2002) Systematic Parasitology, 53, pp. 1-18; 
Amin, O.M., Redlin, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae), with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20; 
Anthony, D.D., Metazoan parasites of percids from Lake Nipissing, Ontario, Canada. Short Communication Section H (1978) Fourth International Congress of Parasitology, pp. 39-40. , August 19-26, Warsaw, Poland; 
Bangham, R.V., Parasites of northern Wisconsin fish (1944) Transactions of Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 36, pp. 291-325; 
Bangham, R.V., Hanter III, G.W., Studies on fish parasites of Lake Erie. Distribution studies (1939) Zoologica (NY), 24, pp. 385-448; 
Dechtiar, A.O., Parasites of fish from Lake of the Woods, Ontario (1972) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 29, pp. 275-283; 
Dechtiar, A.O., New parasite records for Lake Erie fish. Great Lakes Fisheries Commission (1972), Technical Report 17:1-20Dechtiar, A.O., Christie, W.J., Survey of the parasite fauna of Lake Ontario fishes (1988), 1961 to 1971. Great Lakes Fisheries Commission, Technical Report 51:66-95Dechtiar, A.O., Collins, J.J., Reckahn, J.A., Survey of the parasite fauna of Lake Huron fishes (1988), 1961 to 1971. Great Lakes Fisheries Commission, Technical Report 51:19-48Dechtiar, A.O., Lawrie, A.H., Survey of the parasite fauna of Lake Superior fishes (1988), 1969 to 1975. Great Lakes Fisheries Commission, Technical Report 51:1-18Dechtiar, A.O., Nepszy, S.J., Survey of the parasite fauna of selected fish species from Lake Erie (1988), 1970 to 1975. Great Lakes Fisheries Commission, Technical Report 51:49-65Deutsch, W.G., Fish parasites from the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania, with new host records (1977) Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science, 51, pp. 122-124; 
Dunagan, T.T., (1957) Studies on the parasites of edible animals in Alaska. Alaska Air Command, , Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory, Technical Note AAL-TN-56-12. 9 pp; 
Fischthal, J.H., Parasites of northwest Wisconsin fishes I. The 1944 survey (1947) Transactions of Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 37, pp. 157-220; 
Fischthal, J.H., Parasites of northwest Wisconsin fishes II. The 1945 survey (1950) Transactions of Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 40, pp. 87-113; 
Fischthal, J.H., Parasites of northwest Wisconsin fishes III. The 1946 survey (1952) Transactions of Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 41, pp. 17-58; 
Liston, C. R., W. G. Duffy, D. E. Ashton, C. D. Mcnabb, and F. E. Koehler. 1980. Environmental baseline and evaluation of the St. Marys River dredging. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Report/FWS/OBS-80/ 62Muzzall, P.M., Helminths of fishes from the St. Marys River, Michigan (1984) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 62, pp. 516-519; 
Van Cleave, H.J., The genus Neorhynchus in North America (1913) Zoologischer Anzeiger, 43, pp. 177-190; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Acanthocephala from the Illinois River, with descriptions of species and a synopsis of the family Neoechinorhynchidae (1919) Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 13, pp. 225-257
},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {44 - 50},
	abstract = {The only 2 published taxonomic accounts of Neoechinorhynchus tenellus are those of Van Cleave (1913) and Van Cleave (1919) from Esox lucius Linnaeus and Sander vitreus (Mitchili) (=Stizostedion vitreus (Mitchill)). While Van Cleave{\textquoteright}s original description is adequate to identify N. tenellus, his description of proboscis armature, lemnisci, reproductive system in both sexes, and eggs was either not complete or in error. We studied the original type material and found their present state to be of little use for elucidating characters that were not already illustrated and described by Van Cleave. For that reason we studied newly collected, conspecific specimens to better document key morphological features of this species. Our description of the Michigan material from the same 2 fish species was compared with the original description and with Van Cleave{\textquoteright}s cotypes (designated syntypes). Our revised description includes the following: (1) trunk of males and females is widest in anterior third tapering gradually at both ends. (2) Lateral anterior hooks are markedly larger than and set more posterior to the other 4 hooks of the same circle. Middle hooks not in perfect circle but alternate. (3) Middle and posterior hooks with discoidal bases. (4) Lemnisci are subequal. (5) Eggs have distinct polar prolongation of fertilization membrane, which places the species in the subgenus Hebesoma Van Cleave, 1928. New observations address sexual dimorphism, the larger size of specimens from S. vitreus than from E. lucius, the apical organ, giant nuclei, sensory pits on the proboscis, and details of the reproductive system in both sexes.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephalus, Centrarchidae, Distribution, Esocidae, Esox lucius, Hebesoma, Michigan, Neoechinorhynchidae, Neoechinorhynchus tenellus, Neoechinorhynchus tenellus (Acanthocephala), Percidae, Redescription, Sander vitreus, Stizostedion},
	isbn = {15252647 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-60849131251\&partnerID=40\&md5=1e5ab3b799d11586a76b60cc8eb4da04},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Muzzall, P.M.}
}
@article {64,
	title = {Description of a new echinorhynchid species (acanthocephala) from the European EEL, Anguilla anguilla, in Germany, with a key to species of Acanthocephalus in Europe},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. Parasitol.},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.1645/GE-1561.1PubMed ID: 18576852Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases (IPD), P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: AMIN, O.M., Variability and redescription of Acanthocephalus dirus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from freshwater fishes in North America (1984) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 51, pp. 225-237;AMIN, O.M., Host and geographic distribution of Acanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from North America freshwater fishes, with a discussion of species relationships (1985) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 52, pp. 210-220; 
AMIN, O.M., On the species and populations of the genus Acanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from North America freshwater fishes: A cladistic analysis (1986) Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 99, pp. 574-579; 
AMIN, O.M., Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Ecology and host relationships of Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Pomphorhynchidae) (1987) Journal of Parasitology, 73, pp. 278-289; 
AMIN, O.M., HUFFMAN, D.G., Interspecific variability in the genus Acanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from North American freshwater fishes, with a key to species (1984) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 51, pp. 238-240; 
BIJ DE VAATE, A., JZDZEWSKI, H.A.M., GOLLASCH, S., VAN DER VELDE, G., Geographical patterns in range extension of Ponto-Caspian macroinvertebrate species in Europe (2002) Canadian Journal of Fishery and Aquatic Science, 59, pp. 1159-1174; 
BROWN, A.F., CHUBB, J.C., VELTKAMP, C.J., A key to species of Acanthocephala parasitic in British freshwater fishes (1986) Journal of Fish Biology, 28, pp. 327-334; 
DICK, J. T. A., AND D. PLATVOET. 2000. Invading predatory crustacean Dikerogammarus eliminates both native and exotic species. Proceedings of Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 267: 977-983GOLVAN, Y.J., Le Phylum des Acanthoc{\'e}phala (Troisi{\`e}me note). La classe de Palaeacanthocephala (Meyer, 1931). (1960) Annales de Parasitologic Humaine et Compar{\'e}e, 35, pp. 350-386; 
-. 1969. Syst{\'e}matique de Acanthoc{\'e}phales (Acanthocephala Rudolphi, 1801). Lordre des Palaeacanthocephala Meyer, 1931. La super-famille de Echinorhynchidea (Cobbold, 1876) Glovan et Houin 1963. M{\'e}moires du Mus{\'e}um National d Histoire Naturelle, nouvelle s{\'e}rie, s{\'e}rie A, Zoologie 57(fascicule unique): 1-373GOLVAN, Y.J., Nomenclature of the Acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
GRABDA-KAZUBSKA, B., On the validity of the species Acantho cephalus falcatus (Fr{\"o}lich, 1789) (1962) Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 10, pp. 377-394; 
HAAS, G., M. BRUNKE, AND B. STREIT. 2002. Fast turnover in dominance of exotic species in the Rhine River determines biodiversity and ecosystem function: An affair between amphipods and mussels. In Invasive aquatic species of Europe. Distribution, impacts and management, S. Gollasch and S. Olenin (eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrech, The Netherlands, p. 426-432IKSR. 2002a. Rheinfischfauna 2000 was lebt zwischen dem Rheinfall bei Schaffhausen und der Nordsee. 68. Plenarsitzung-2/3 July-Luxemburg. Bericht Nr. 127-d. doc. 55 p-. 2002b. Das Makrozoobenthos de Rhein. 68. Plenarsitzung-2/3 July 2002-Luxemburg. Bericht Nr. 128-d. doc. 49 pPETROCHENKO, V.I., (1956) Acanthocephala of domestic and wild animals, 1. , Moscow, Izdate{\'l}stvo Akademii Nauk SSR English translation by Israel Program of Scientific Translations, Keter Press, Jerusalem, Israel, 465p; 
REY, P. AND J. ORTLEPP. 2002. Koordinierte biologische Untersuchungen am Hochrhein 2000; Makroinvertebraten. Hrsg. Bundesamt f{\"u}r Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft BUWAL, Bern. Schriftenreihe Umwelt Nr. 345, Gew{\={a}}sserschutz, 98 pSURES, B., STREIT, B., Eel parasite diversity and intermediate host abundance in the River Rhine, Germany (2001) Parasitology, 123, pp. 185-191; 
SURES, B., STREIT, B., KNOPE, K., WURTZ, J., HIRT, J., Richness and diversity of parasite communities in European eels Anguilla anguilla of the River Rhine, Germany, with a special reference to helminth parasites (1999) Parasitology, 119, pp. 323-330; 
THIELEN, F., M{\"U}NDERLE, M., TARASCHEWESKI, H., SURES, B., Do eel parasites reflect the local crustacean community? A case study from the Rhine River System (2007) Journal of HJelminthology, 18, pp. 179-189; 
THIELEN, F., M{\"U}NDERLE, M., TARASCHEWESKI, H., SURES, B., WEIBEL, U., HIRT, J., M{\"U}NDERLE, M., SURES, B., Icthyofauna in the upper Rhine River close to the city of Karlsruhe as determined by the analysis of fish impingement by cooling-water intakes of a power plant (2008) Limnologica, 38, pp. 76-85; 
TITTIZER, T., KREBS, F., (1996) {\"O}kosystem-Forschung: Der Rhein und seine Auen, , Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 468 p; 
YAMAGUTI, S., (1963) Systema helminthum Acanthocephala, 5. , Interscience Publications, John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, 423 p
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {1299 - 1304},
	abstract = {Acanthocephalus rhinensis n. sp. is described from the European eel, Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758), collected in the Rhine River near the city of Karlsruhe, Germany. It is the sixth species of Acanthocephalus Koelreuther, 1771 described from European fish. Four other species are known from amphibians. The new species is distinguished from the other 5 species infecting fish by having a 1.2-mm-long proboscis armed with 15-21 rows of 13-16 hooks each, lemnisci about as long as receptacle, oblong and slightly pre-equatorial testes, and thin fusiform eggs measuring 85-95 X 15-18 μ. Testes in the other European species are usually round to ovate, except in Ac. anguillae (M{\"u}ller, 1780) L{\"u}he, 1911 where they are also elongated but postequatorial. It also has an orange-brown belt encircling the anterior end of the trunk. The comparative distribution of Acanthocephalus in Europe and North America, and the validity of 2 presumably questionable species are discussed, Acanthocephalus falcatus (Froelich, 1789) L{\"u}he, 1911 and Ac. paronai (Cendorelli, 1897) Meyer, 1932. A dichotomus key distinguishing Ac. rhinensis from the other 9 European species is also included. The new species was only found in 3 of 390 eels examined during 11 yr; this may be related to the changing benthos community in the Rhine River. {\textcopyright} American Society of Parasitologists 2008.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, Acanthocephalus falcatus, Amphibia, Anguilla, Anguilla anguilla, Animals, Baden-Wurttemberg, benthos, Central Europe, community dynamics, comparative study, Echinorhynchida, eel, Eurasia, Europe, Female, Fish Diseases, Germany, Helminthiasis, Animal, Karlsruhe, Male, morphology, nematode, new species, Rhine River, Rivers, taxonomy},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-58549109860\&partnerID=40\&md5=9477178e9ec306d08d293ba65f0c0233},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Thielen, F. and M{\"u}nderle, M. and Taraschewski, H. and Sures, B.}
}
@article {65,
	title = {On the ecology and host relationships of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) tilapiae (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from cichlids in Lake Malawi},
	journal = {Comparative ParasitologyComp. Parasitol.},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: COPAF:doi 10.1654/4321.1Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285-8372, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Host and seasonal associations of Acanthocephalus parksidei Amin, 1974 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in Wisconsin fishes (1975) Journal of Parasitology, 61, pp. 318-329;Amin, O.M., Intestinal helminthes of some Nile fishes near Cairo, Egypt, with redescriptions of Camallanus kirandensis Baylis 1928 (Nematoda) and Bothriocephalus aegyptiacus Rys{\~a}v{\'y} and Moravec 1975 (Cestoda) (1978) Journal of Parasitology, 64, pp. 93-101; 
Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from Lake fishes in Wisconsin: Host and seasonal distribution of species of the genus Neoechinorhynchus Hamann, 1892 (1986) Journal of Parasitology, 72, pp. 111-118; 
Amin, O.M., Acanthocephala from Lake fishes in Wisconsin: On the ecology of Leptorhynchoides thecatus (Rhadinorhynchidae) (1988) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 55, pp. 252-255; 
Amin, O.M., Occurrence of the subgenus Acanthosentis Verma and Datta, 1929 (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) in Japan, with the description of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) alternatspinus n. sp. and A. (A.) parareceptaclis n. sp. from Lake Biwa drainage fishes and a key to the species of the subgenus (2005) Systematic Parasitology, 60, pp. 125-137; 
Amin, O.M., Burns, L.A., Redlin, M.J., The ecology of Acanthocephalus parksidei Amin, 1975 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) in its isopod intermediate host (1980) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 47, pp. 37-46; 
Amin, O.M., Hendrix, S.S., Acanthocephala of cichlids (Pisces) in Lake Malawi, Africa, with description of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) malawiensis sp. n. (Quadrigyridae) from Labeo cylindricus Peters, 1852 (Cyprinidae) (1999) Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 66, pp. 47-55; 
Bailey, R.G., Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan (1994) Journal of Natural History, 28, pp. 937-997; 
Baylis, H. A. 1948. A new acanthocephalan from an East African freshwater fish. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 14(series 11):861-868Eccles, D.H., Trewavas, E., (1989) Malawian Cichlid Fishes: The Classification of Some Haplochromine Genera, , Lake Fish Movies, Herten, Germany; 
Glovan, Y. J. 1965. Acanthoc{\'e}phales de Madagascar r{\'e}colt{\'e}s par E. R. Brygoo (premi{\'e}re note). Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compar{\'e} 40:303-316. (In French.)Konings, A. 1990. Ad Konings{\textquoteright}s book of cichlids and all other fishes of Lake Malawi, T. F. H. Publications, Inc, Neptune City New Jersey. 495ppMills, D., Vevers, G., The tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes (1989) Tetra Press, Morris Plains, , New Jersey, 208 pp; 
Ribbink, A.J., Marsh, B.A., Marsh, A.C., Ribbink, A.C., Sharp, B.J., A preliminary survey of the cichlids fishes of rocky habitats in Lake Malawi (1983) South African Journal of Zoology, 18, pp. 149-310; 
Shotter, R.A., Seasonal variation in the occurrence of the acanthocephalan Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) tilapiae (Baylis) (1974) intestine of the cichlid fish Tilapia zillii (Gervais) from a river and lake at Zaria in northern Nigeria. Proceeding of the Third International Congress of Parasitology, 1, p. 399; 
Troncy, P.M., Contribution {\`a} {\'e}tude des helminthes d{\textquoteright} Afrique, principalement du Tchad. (1970) Bulletin du Mus{\'e}um National d{\textquoteright} Histoire Naturelle (Paris), 41. , Series 2:1487-1511, In French; 
Turner, G.F., Seehausen, O., Knight, M.E., Allender, C.J., Robinson, R.L., How many species of cichlid fishes are there in Africa lakes (2001) Molecular Ecology, 10, pp. 793-806
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {278 - 282},
	abstract = {About 2,000 specimens of the quadrigyrid acanthocephalan Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) tilapiae (Baylis, 1948) were collected from 9 species of cichlid fish hosts (Cichlidae: Perciformes) in 7 different sites in Lake Malawi, Africa, during September 2005. New host records are noted in 5 species, Labeotropheus trewavasae (Fryer), Melanochromis vermivorus (Trewavas), Nimbochromis polystigma (Regan), Tropheops microstoma (Trewavas), and Rhamphochromis sp. (Regan). High prevalence of A. tilapiae was observed in all host species analyzed. The parasite manages to infect its cichlid hosts, despite their distinct trophic specializations. Nevertheless, significant variation in parasite load was detected between sympatrically occurring rock-dwelling (mbuna) cichlids, with Pseudotropheus zebra (Boulenger) showing the most heavy infections. In addition, significant variation in parasite burden was detected between sampling locations, but host gender and weight did not explain significant variation in the numbers of A. tilapiae individuals. Differential exposure to parasites and host susceptibility may explain the marked variation in parasite abundance among cichlid hosts. Worms appear to be recruited in the summer, develop and mature through the winter, and reproduce sexually in late winter and spring.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) tilapiae, Acanthogyrus tilapiae, Acanthosentis tilapiae, Cichlidae, Cichlids, Host and seasonal relationships, Labeotropheus trewavasae, Lake Malawi, Mbuna, Melanochromis vermivorus, Metriaclima zebra, Microstoma, Nimbochromis polystigma, Perciformes, Prevalence, Quadrigyridae, Rhamphochromis sp.},
	isbn = {15252647 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-51949118525\&partnerID=40\&md5=11f5629f4732f3b95b233a72b5a1da18},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Van Oosterhout, C. and Blais, J. and Robinson, R.L. and Cable, J.}
}
@article {67,
	title = {New and already known acanthocephalans from amphibians and reptiles in Vietnam, with keys to species of Pseudoacanthocephalus petrochenko, 1956 (Echinorhynchidae) and Sphaerechinorhynchus johnston and deland, 1929 (Plagiorhynchidae)},
	journal = {Journal of ParasitologyJ. Parasitol.},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):10Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: JOPAA:doi 10.1645/GE-1288.1PubMed ID: 18372639Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O. M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P.O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 85285, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: AMIN, O.M., Variability in Acanthocaphalus parksidi Amin, 1974 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) (1975) Journal of Parasitology, 61, pp. 307-317;AMIN, O.M., Classification (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 27-72. , D. W. T. Crompton and B. B. Nickol eds, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K, p; 
AMIN, O.M., HECKMAN, R.A., HA, N.V., On the immature stages of Pallisentis (Pallisentis) celatus (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from occasional fish hosts in Vietnam (2004) The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 52, pp. 593-598; 
AMIN, O.M., HECKMAN, R.A., HA, N.V., LUC, P.V., DOANH, P.N., Revision of the Genus Pallisentis (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) with the erection of three new subgenera, the description of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) vietnamensis subgen. et sp. n., a key to species of Pallisentis, and the erection of a new quadrigyrid genus, Pararaosentis gen. n (2000) Comparative Parasitology, 67, pp. 40-50; 
AMIN, O.M., HECKMAN, R.A., HA, N.V., LUC, P.V., DOANH, P.N., REDLIN, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynclus salmons M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20; 
AMIN, O.M., HECKMAN, R.A., HA, N.V., LUC, P.V., DOANH, P.N., REDLIN, M.J., WONGSAWAD, C., SEY, O., Sphaerechinorhynchus macropisthospinus sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Plagiorhynchidae) from lizards, frogs and fish in Thailand (1998) Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 65, pp. 174-178; 
ARTHUR, J.R., TE, B.Q., Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Vietnam (2006) FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, 369 (2). , 133 p; 
BAYLIS, H. A. 1944. Three new Acanthocephala from marine fishes of Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 11) 11: 462-472BOLETTE, D.P., Sphaerechinorhynchus ophiograndis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Plagiorhynchidae: Sphaerechinorhynchinae), described from the intestine of a king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah (1997) Journal of Parasitology, 83, pp. 272-275; 
GOLVAN, Y. J. 1956. Acanthoc{\'e}phales doiseaux. Quatri{\`e}me note. Considerations sur le genre Pseudoporrorchis Ch. Joyeux et J. G. Baer 1935 (Polymorphidae, Porrorchinae) et redescription de Pseudoporrorchis centropi (A. porta 1910). Bulletin de la Societ{\'e} Zoologique de France 81: 62-71BOLETTE, D.P., Le phylum des Acanthocephala. Troisi{\`e}me note. La classe Palaeacanthocephala (Meyer, 1931) ({\`a} suivre). (1960) Annales de Parasitologic Humaine et Compar{\'e}e, 35, pp. 573-593; 
BOLETTE, D.P., Systematique des Acanthocephales (Acanthocephala Rudolphi, 1801). L{\textquoteright}order des Palaeacanthocephala Meyer, 1931. I. La super-famille des Echinorhynchoidea (Cobbold, 1876) Golvan et Houin, 1963. M{\'e}moires du Mus{\'e}um National d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle, nouvelle s{\'e}rie, ser. A (1969) Zoologie, 57, pp. 1-373; 
BOLETTE, D.P., Nomenclature of the Acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
BOLETTE, D.P., BRYGOO, E.R., Acanthoc{\'e}phales de Madagascar (Deuxi{\`e}me note) Le Genre Pseudoporrorchis Joyeux et Baer 1935. (1965) Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compar{\'e}e, 40, pp. 543-568; 
GUPTA, V., FATMA, S., Three acanthocephalan parasites of amphibian and mammalian hosts from Lucknow (1985) Indian Journal of Helminthology, 37, pp. 137-148; 
JOYEUX, C.E., BAER, J.G., Etude de quelques Acanthoc{\'e}phales de lIndochine (1935) Annales du Museum d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle de Marseille, 27, pp. 1-15; 
KENNEDY, M.J., A redescription of Acanthocephalus bufonis (Shipley, 1903) Southwell and MacFie, 1925 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the black-spotted toad, Bufo melanostictus, from Bogar, Indonesia (1982) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 60, pp. 356-360; 
L{\"U}HE, M. 1911. Acanthocephalen. Register der Acanthocephalen und parasitischen Plattw{\"u}rmer Geordnet nach ihren Wirten. Prof. Dr. Brauer, Die S{\"u}sswasserfauna Deutschlands, Eine Exkursionsfauna, Jena, 144 pMEYER, A., Acanthocephala (1933) Bronn{\textquoteright}s Klassen und Ordungen des Tierreichas, 4, pp. 333-582. , Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzg, Germany, p; 
_. 1938. Klasse Acanthocephalen, Kratzer. In Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas (P. Brohmer, P. Ehrmann, and G. Ulmer) Leipzig, Germany 1: 40PETROCHENKO, V.I., (1956) Acanthocephala of domestic and wild animals, 1. , Moscow: Isdatel:stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, In Russian: English Translation by Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel, 465p; 
PETROCHENKO, V.I., (1958) Acanthocephala of domestic and wild animals, 2. , Moscow: Isdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, In Russian: English Translation by Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel, 478p; 
SCHMIDT, G.D., Revision of the Porrorchinae (Acanthocephala: Plagiorhynchidae) with description of two new genera and three new species (1967) Journal of Parasitology, 53, pp. 130-141; 
SCHMIDT, G.D., KUNTZ, R.E., New and little known plagiorhynchid Acanthocephala from Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands (1966) Journal of Parasitology, 52, pp. 520-527; 
SHIPLEY, A.E., On the ento-parasites collected by the "Skeat Expedition" to Lower Siam and the Malay Peninsula in the years 1899-1900 (1903) Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 2, pp. 145-156; 
SMALES, L.R., Acanthocephalans from some frogs and toads (Anura) and chameleons (Squamata) from Tanzania with the description of new species (2005) Journal of Parasitology, 91, pp. 1459-1464; 
SMALES, L.R., Acanthocephala in amphibians (Anura) and reptiles (Squamata) from Brazil and Paraguay with description of new species (2007) Journal of Parasitology, 93, pp. 392-398; 
SOUTHWELL, T., MACFIE, J.W.S., On a collection of Acanthocephala in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (1925) Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 19, pp. 141-184; 
THAPAR, G.S., On Acanthogyrus n. gen. from the intestine of the Indian fish Labeo rohita, with a note on the classification of the Acanthocephala (1927) Journal of Helminthology, 5, pp. 109-120; 
VAN CLEAVE, H.J., Morphological and phylogenetic interpretations of the cement glands in the Acanthocephala (1949) Journal of Morphology, 84, pp. 427-457; 
VASHETCO, E.V., SIIDIKOV, B.H., The effect of the ecology of toads on the distribution of helminths (1999) Journal of Zoology, 23, pp. 107-110; 
YAMAGUTI, S., (1963) Systema helminthum, Acanthocephala, 5. , Wiley Interscience, New York, New York, 423 p
},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {181 - 189},
	abstract = {Adults of 2 new species in 2 orders of acanthocephalans obtained from the intestines of terrestrial amphibians and reptiles collected between 1998 and 2004 in Vietnam are described here. Pseudoacanthocephalus nguyenthileae n. sp. (Palaeacnthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) was collected from 5 species of terrestrial amphibians: (1) the common Sunda toad Bufo melanostictus Schneider (Bufonidae); (2) Paa verucospinosa (Bourret); (3) Gunther{\textquoteright}s Amoy frog Rana guentheri Boulenger; (4) Taipei frog R. taipehensis Denburgh (Ranidae), and (5) the Burmese whipping frog Polypedates mutus (Smith) (Racophoridae); as well as from the Chinese cobra Naja atra Cantor (Reptilia: Elapidae) and house gecko Hemidactylus frenatus Dumeril and Bibron (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Sphaerechinorhynchus maximesospinus n. sp. (Plagiorhynchidae: Sphaerechinorhynchinae) was isolated from a king cobra Ophiophagus hannah (cantor) (Reptilia: Elapidae). Cystacanths of Porrorchis houdemeri (Joyeux and Baer, 1935) Schmidt and Kuntz, 1967 (Plagiorhynchidae: Porrorchinae) obtained from the mesenteries of banded krait Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider) (Reptilia: Elapidae), a paratenic host, are reported for the first time. Keys to the species of Pseudoacanthocephalus and Sphaerechinorhynchus are included. Characteristic features distinguishing the new species from related taxa include: P. nguyenthileae has 15-19 (usually 16-18) proboscis hook rows, each with 5-6 hooks that progressively increase in length and size posteriorly. The largest, intermediate, and smallest proboscis hooks of S. maximesospinus are the middle, anterior, and posterior hooks, respectively; the proboscis and neck are enclosed in a membrane. Morphometric characteristics of P. nguyenthileae show host-related variability. {\textcopyright} American Society of Parasitologists 2008.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, Amphibia, amphibian, animal experiment, Animals, Anura, article, Asia, Bufo melanostictus, Bufonidae, Bungarus fasciatus, controlled study, Echinorhynchidae, Elapidae, endoparasite, Eurasia, Female, Gekkonidae, Helminthiasis, Animal, Hemidactylus, Hemidactylus frenatus, host parasite interaction, identification key, invertebrate, Male, morphology, morphometrics, morphometry, Naja atra, new record, new species, nonhuman, Ophiophagus hannah, Paa, Plagiorhynchidae, Polypedates mutus, Porrorchinae, Porrorchis houdemeri, Prevalence, Pseudoacanthocephalus, Pseudoacanthocephalus nguyenthileae, Rana guentheri, Ranidae, reptile, Reptiles, Reptilia, Southeast Asia, Sphaerechinorhynchinae, Sphaerechinorhynchus, Sphaerechinorhynchus maximesospinus, taxonomic identification, Viet Nam, Vietnam},
	isbn = {00223395 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-40949112811\&partnerID=40\&md5=185b286d55ab8180e99cce4ed563add2},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Van Ha, N. and Heckmann, R.A.}
}
@article {54,
	title = {On four species of echinorhynchid acanthocephalans from marine fish in Halong Bay, Vietnam, including the description of three new species and a key to the species of Gorgorhynchus},
	journal = {Parasitology ResearchParasitol. Res.},
	volume = {109},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: PARRE:doi 10.1007/s00436-011-2310-yPubMed ID: 21400117Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Amin, O.M.; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda $\#$ 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States; email: omaramin@aol.comReferences: Amin, O.M., Ha, N.V., On a new acanthocephalan family and new order, from birds in Vietnam (2008) J Parasitol, 94, pp. 1305-1310. , 18576806 10.1645/GE-1473.1;Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Ha, N.V., Description of two new species of Rhadinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) from marine fish in Halong Bay, Vietnam, with a key to species (2011) Acta Parasitologica, 56, pp. 67-77. , 10.2478/s11686-011-0004-3; 
Amin, O.M., Nahhas, F.M., Acanthocephala of marine fishes off Fiji Islands, with descriptions of Filisoma longcementglandatus n. sp., Neorhadinorhynchus macrospinosus n. sp. (cavisomidae), and gravid females of Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni (Rhadinorhynchidae); and keys to species of the genera Filisoma and Neorhadinorhynchus (1994) Journal of Parasitology, 80 (5), pp. 768-774. , DOI 10.2307/3283256; 
Amin, O.M., Sey, O., Acanthocephala from Arabian Gulf fishes off Kuwait, with descriptions of Neoechinorhynchus dimorphospinus sp. n. (Neoechinorhynchidae), Tegorhynchus holospinosus sp. n. (Illiosentidae), Micracanthorhynchina kuwaitensis sp. n. (Rhadinorhynchidae), and Slendrorhynchus breviclaviproboscis gen n., sp. n. (Diplosentidae); And key to species of the genus Micracanthorhynchina (1996) J Helminthol Soc Wash, 63, pp. 201-210; 
Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Van Ha, N., Van Luc, P., Ngoc Doanh, P., Revision of the genus Pallisentis (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) with the erection of three new subgenera, the description of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) vietnamensis subgen. et sp. n., a Key to species of Pallisentis, and the description of a new quadrigyrid genus, Pararaosentis gen. n. (2000) Comparative Parasitology, 67 (1), pp. 40-50; 
Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Ha, N.V., On the immature stages of Pallisentis (Pallisentis) celatus (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from occasional fish hosts in Vietnam (2004) Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 52 (2), pp. 593-598; 
Amin, O.M., Van Ha, N., Heckmann, R.A., New and already known acanthocephalans from amphibians and reptiles in Vietnam, with keys to species of Pseudoacanthocephalus petrochenko, 1956 (Echinorhynchidae) and Sphaerechinorhynchus johnston and deland, 1929 (Plagiorhynchidae) (2008) Journal of Parasitology, 94 (1), pp. 181-189. , DOI 10.1645/GE-1288.1; 
Amin, O.M., Van Ha, N., Heckmann, R.A., New and already known acanthocephalans mostly from mammals in Vietnam, with descriptions of two new genera and species in archiacanthocephala (2008) Journal of Parasitology, 94 (1), pp. 194-201. , DOI 10.1645/GE-1394.1; 
Amin, O.M., Ha, N.V., Heckmann, R.A., Four new species of acanthocephalans from birds in Vietnam (2008) Comp Parasitol, 75, pp. 200-214. , 10.1654/4320.1; 
Amin, O.M., Thielen, F., M{\"u}nderle, T.M.H., Sures, B., Description of a new echinorhynchid species (Acanthocephala) from the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, in Germany, with a key to species of Acanthocephalus in Europe (2008) J Parasitol, 94, pp. 1299-1304. , 10.1645/GE-1561.1; 
Amin, O.M., Ha, N.V., Ngo, H.D., First report of Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from marine fish (Belonidae, Clupeidae, Megalopidae, Mugilidae, Sciaenidae) in Vietnamese waters, with the description of six new species with unique anatomical structures (2011) Parasite, 18, pp. 21-34; 
Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Ha, N.V., Description of Heterosentis holospinus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Arhythmacanthidae) from the striped eel catfish Plotosus lineatus in Halong Bay, Vietnam, with a key to species of Heterosentis and reconsideration of the subfamilies of Arhythmacanthidae (2011) Comp Parasitol, 78, pp. 29-38. , 10.1654/4465.1; 
Arthur, J.R., Te, B.Q., (2006) Check List of Parasites of Fishes of Vietnam, 123p. , FAO Fisher Tech Paper 369/2; 
Ben-Tuvia, A., Red Sea fishes recently found in the Mediterranean (1966) Copeia, 2, pp. 254-275. , 10.2307/1441133; 
Collette, B.B., Belonidae (1984) FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes, 1. , W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51) FAO, Rome; 
Collette, B.B., Su, J., The halfbeaks (Pisces, Beloniformes, Hemiramphidae) of the Far East (1986) Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, 138, pp. 250-301; 
Golvan, Y.J., Systematique des Acanthocephales (Acanthocephala Rudolphi, 1801). L{\textquoteright}ordre des Palaeacanthocephala Meyer 1931. I. la super-famille des Echinorhynchoidea (Cobbold, 1876) Golvan et Houin 1963 Mem Mus Nat d{\textquoteright}Hist Nat, nouv s{\'e}rie (1969) A Zool, 57, pp. 1-373; 
Jones, S., Kumaran, M., Manikfan, M.A., On some fishes from the Maldives. Part I: Species known from the Laccadive Archipelago in the collections (1981) J Mar Biol Assoc India, 23, pp. 181-197; 
Parukhin, A.M., (1976) Parasitic Worms of Food Fishes from the Southern Seas, p. 182. , Akademiya Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR, Ordena TrudovogoKrasnogo Zhameni Institut Biologii Yuzhnykh Morei im. A. O. Kobalevskogo, Izdatelstvo "Naukova Dumka," Kiev (In Russian); 
Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R., Hanley, J.E., (1989) Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7, p. 665. , Aust-Govt Pub Service Canberra; 
Randall, J.F., Lim, K.K.P., A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea (2000) Raffles Bull Zool, 8, pp. 569-667. , Suppl. No; 
Mwc, W., De Beaufort, L.F., Ostariophysi: II Cyprinoidea, Apodes, Synbranchii]: I-xv, 1-455; IV. (1922) Heteromi, Solenichthyes, Synentognathi, Percesoces, Labyrinthici, Microcyprini]: I-xiii, 1-410 (1911) The Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago, i (1911), , Index of the ichthyological papers of P. Bleeker: i-xi, 1-410, 1 portrait; II. (1913). Malacopterygii, Myctophoidea, Ostariophysi: I Siluroidea: i-xx, 1-404, 1 portrait; III; 
Woodland, D.J., Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology (1990) Indo-Pacific Fishes, 136p; 
Yamaguti, S., (1963) Systema Helminthum, Acanthocephala, 5, p. 423. , Wiley NY, NY
},
	month = {2011///},
	pages = {841 - 847},
	abstract = {Four species of echinorhynchid acanthocephalans were collected from marine fish off Cat Ba Island, Halong Bay, Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam, in the spring of 2009. Acanthocephalus halongensis n. sp. (Echinorhynchidae) from the redtail scad, Decapterus kurroides Bleeker 1855 (Carangidae), has a unique proboscis armature with a spiniform basal hook with lateral root and an incomplete receptacle wall posteriorly. Gorgorhynchus tonkinensis n. sp. (Rhadinorhynchidae) also from D. kurroides, has long, slender, winding lemnisci, many epidermal nuclei, and a narrow anterior trunk with a shoulder armed with 20 circles of tightly packed spines, the posterior four circles of which have abruptly larger spines than those in the anterior circles. Neorhadinorhynchus atypicalis n. sp. (Cavisomidae) from the rabbitfish, Siganus fuscescens (Houttuyn 1782) (Siganidae), has the largest number of proboscis hooks per row, testes wider than long, and four clustered cement glands. Micracanthorhynchica kuwaitensis Amin and Sey 1996 (Rhadinorhynchidae) from the spottail needlefish Strongylura strongylura (van Hasselt 1823) (Belonidae) was similar to specimens originally described from the Arabian Gulf off the Kuwaiti coast. These acanthocephalans were collected in small numbers but stood out as uniquely and considerably different from their closest relatives to warrant their reporting. All species of acanthocephalans and their host and geographic distribution are described, and a key to the species of Gorgorhynchus is provided. {\textcopyright} 2011 Springer-Verlag.},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, Acanthocephalus halongensis, Animals, aquatic species, article, Belonidae, Carangidae, Cavisomidae, controlled study, Decapterus kurroides, Decapterus tabl, Echinorhynchid acanthocephalans, Echinorhynchida, Echinorhynchidae, Female, fish, Fish Diseases, Fishes, Gorgorhynchus, Gorgorhynchus tonkinensis, Helminthiasis, Animal, Male, metazoon, Micracanthorhynchica kuwaitensis, Microscopy, Neorhadinorhynchus, Neorhadinorhynchus atypicalis, new species, nonhuman, priority journal, Rhadinorhynchidae, Siganidae, Siganus fuscescens, species difference, species identification, Strongylura strongylura, Viet Nam, Vietnam},
	isbn = {09320113 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052334635\&partnerID=40\&md5=643e3f17cf544c36ef36aa27f395a98f},
	author = {Amin, O.M. and Van Ha, N.}
}
@article {43,
	title = {Proboscis profiler: A tool for detecting acanthocephalan morphotypes},
	journal = {Systematic Parasitology},
	volume = {76},
	year = {2010},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):3Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: SYPAD:doi 10.1007/s11230-010-9245-zPubMed ID: 20532847Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Wayland, M. T.; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QT, United Kingdom; email: mw283@cam.ac.ukReferences: Amin, O.M., Redlin, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae), with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20;Baier, T., Neuwirth, E., Excel::COM::R (2007) Computational Statistics, 22, pp. 91-108; 
Buron, I., de Renaud, F., Euzet, L., Speciation and specificity of acanthocephalans. Genetic and morphological studies of Acanthocephaloides geneticus sp. nov. parasitizing Arnoglossus laterna (Bothidae) from the Mediterranean littoral (S{\`e}te - France) (1986) Parasitology, 92, pp. 165-171; 
Golvan, Y.J., Nomenclature of the Acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
Huffman, D.G., Bullock, W.L., Meristograms: Graphical analysis of serial variation of proboscis hooks of Echinorhynchus (Acanthocephala) (1975) Systematic Zoology, 24, pp. 333-345; 
Huffman, D.G., Nickol, B.B., Meristogram analysis of the acanthocephalan genus Pomphorhynchus in North America (1978) Journal of Parasitology, 64, pp. 851-859; 
Mart{\'\i}nez-Aquino, A., Reyna-Fabi{\'a}n, M.E., Rosas-Valdez, R., Razo-Mendivil, U., de Le{\'o}n, G.P., Garc{\'\i}a-Varela, M., Detecting a complex of cryptic species within Neoechinorhynchus golvani (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) inferred from ITSs and LSU rDNA gene sequences (2009) Journal of Parasitology, 95, pp. 1040-1047; 
O{\textquoteright}Mahony, E.M., Kennedy, C.R., Holland, C.V., Comparison of morphological characters in Irish and English populations of the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis (M{\"u}ller, 1776) (2004) Systematic Parasitology, 59, pp. 147-157; 
(2009) R: A language and environment for statistical computing, , http://www.R-project.org, R Development Core Team, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL; 
Steinauer, M.L., Nickol, B.B., Ort{\'\i}, G., Cryptic speciation and patterns of phenotypic variation of a highly variable acanthocephalan parasite (2007) Molecular Ecology, 16, pp. 4097-4109; 
V{\"a}in{\"o}l{\"a}, R., Valtonen, E.T., Gibson, D.I., Molecular systematics in the acanthocephalan genus Echinorhynchus (sensu lato) in northern Europe (1994) Parasitology, 108, pp. 105-114; 
van Cleave, H.J., A critical study of the Acanthocephala described and identified by Joseph Leidy (1924) Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 76, pp. 279-334; 
van Cleave, H.J., Hook patterns on the acanthocephalan proboscis (1941) Quarterly Reviews in Biology, 16, pp. 157-172; 
Wayland, M.T., Gibson, D.I., Sommerville, C., Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea: Morphological variability and radial asymmetry of proboscis hooks (2004) Systematic Parasitology, 58, pp. 149-158; 
Wayland, M.T., Gibson, D.I., Sommerville, C., Morphometric discrimination of two allozymically diagnosed sibling species of the Echinorhynchus gadi Zoega in M{\"u}ller complex (Acanthocephala) in the North Sea (2005) Systematic Parasitology, 60, pp. 139-149
},
	month = {2010///},
	pages = {159 - 167},
	abstract = {<p>Molecular studies conducted over the past 25 years have revealed previously unrecognised diversity in the phylum Acanthocephala. Several nominal species have been shown to represent complexes of morphologically cryptic biological species, a situation potentially confounding the analysis of ecological data. A software tool, \&$\#$39;Proboscis profiler\&$\#$39;, was developed to detect morphological heterogeneity in collections of superficially similar acanthocephalan worms based on the multivariate statistical analysis of proboscis hook dimensions. Proboscis profiler identifies objective, natural groups in a collection of acanthocephalans which may correspond to distinct biological species or populations. Initial trials demonstrate that Proboscis profiler can discriminate biological acanthocephalan species of the Echinorhynchus gadi Zoega in M\&uuml;ller, 1776 complex and differentiate between dorsal and ventral hook rows from the proboscis of E. salmonis M\&uuml;ller, 1784. Proboscis profiler is free software and can be downloaded from http://acanthocephala.sourceforge.net. \&copy; 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephala (worms), Acanthocephalus, animal, animal anatomy, Animal Structures, Animals, article, biology, classification, Computational Biology, computer program, Echinorhynchus gadi, evaluation, histology, methodology, Parasitology, Software},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77953482244\&partnerID=40\&md5=a436ba379ee0de9304cd19acd1a8f58a},
	author = {Wayland, M.T.}
}
@article {44,
	title = {Morphometric discrimination of two allozymically diagnosed sibling species of the Echinorhynchus gadi Zoega in Muller complex (Acanthocephala) in the North Sea.},
	journal = {Systematic Parasitology},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusPubMed ID: 15841350Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Wayland, M.T.: Chemicals/CASEnzymes},
	month = {2005///},
	pages = {139 - 149},
	abstract = {<p>Allozyme electrophoresis was used to detect biological species of the E. gadi complex from gadids from the northern North Sea. A fixed difference at one of nine enzyme loci surveyed confirmed the existence of two reproductively isolated, sympatric species. Mixed infections of two E. gadi spp. (termed A and B) were observed in Gadus morhua and Pollachius virens. E. gadi sp. B was also found in Melanogrammus aeglefinus and Merlangius merlangus. The presence of gravid females of E. gadi spp. A and B in the same host species, P. virens, and sometimes in the same host individual, indicates that neither differential host-specificity nor seasonal differences in mating time are responsible for their reproductive isolation. Morphological study of probosces from electrophoretically identified specimens demonstrated that the two species can be discriminated in graphical and cluster analyses of hook morphometrics. E. gadi sp. I (of Vainola etal., 1994) and E. gadi sp. A are probably conspecific.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, allele, Alleles, animal, animal parasitosis, Animals, article, Atlantic Ocean, body size, Body Weights and Measures, comparative study, enzyme, Enzymes, Female, fish disease, Fish Diseases, Gadiformes, genetics, Great Britain, Helminthiasis, Animal, host parasite interaction, Host-Parasite Relations, intestine, Intestines, isolation and purification, Male, morphometrics, North Sea, Parasitology, physiology, sea water, Seawater, species difference, Species Specificity, United Kingdom},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-22844439518\&partnerID=40\&md5=2c536e99e51d16dba1aea15afe7bc92d},
	author = {Wayland, M.T. and Gibson, D.I. and Sommerville, C.}
}
@article {45,
	title = {Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea: Morphological variability and radial asymmetry of proboscis hooks},
	journal = {Systematic ParasitologySyst. Parasitol.},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):4Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: SYPAD:doi 10.1023/B:SYPA.0000029419.07989.1aPubMed ID: 15449830Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Wayland, M.T.; Microarray Group, MRC HGMP-Resource Centre, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SB, United KingdomReferences: Aho, J.M., Mulvey, M., Jacobson, K.C., Esch, G.W., Genetic differentiation among congeneric acanthocephalans in the yellow-bellied slider turtle (1992) Journal of Parasitology, 78, pp. 974-981;Amin, O.A., Redlin, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae), with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20; 
Amin, O.A., On the crustacean hosts of larval acanthocephalan and cestode parasites in southwestern Lake Michigan (1978) Journal of Parasitology, 64, pp. 842-845; 
Amin, O.A., Classification (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 27-72. , Crompton, D.W.T. \& Nickol, B.B. (Eds) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 
Brown, A.F., Chubb, J.C., Veltkamp, C.J., A key to species of Acanthocephala parasitic in British freshwater fishes (1986) Journal of Fish Biology, 28, pp. 327-334; 
Brownell, W.N., Comparison of Mysis relicta and Pontoporeia affinis as possible intermediate hosts for the acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus salmonis (1970) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 21, pp. 1864-1866; 
De Buron, I., Loubes, C., Maurand, J., Infection and pathological alterations within the acanthocephalan Acanthocephaloides propinquus attributable to the microsporidian hyperparasite Microsporidium acanthocephali (1990) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 109, pp. 91-97; 
De Giusti, D.I., Budd, J., A three-year survey of the infection rate of Echinorhynchus coregoni and Cyathocephalus truncatus in their intermediate host Pontoporeia affinis from South Bay Mouth, Ontario (1959) Journal of Parasitology, 45, p. 25; 
Gee, R.J., A comparative morphological study of the Stutzzelle (support cell) in the phylum Acanthocephala (1986) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65, pp. 660-668; 
Giles, N., (1994) Freshwater Fish of the British Isles, 192p. , Shrewsbury: Swan Hill Press; 
Golvan, Y.J., Systematique des Acanthocephales (Acanthocephala Rudolphi, 1801), l{\textquoteright}ordre des Palaeacanthocephala Meyer, 1931, la superfamille des Echinorhynchidea (Cobbold, 1876) Golvan et Houin 1973 (1969) Memoires du Museum Nationale d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle, 47, pp. 1-373; 
Golvan, Y.J., Nomenclature of the Acanthocephala (1994) Research and Reviews in Parasitology, 54, pp. 135-205; 
Grabda-Kazubska, B., Ejsymont, L., Studies on the morphology, variability and systematic status of Echinorhynchus borealis Linstow, 1901 (Acanthocephala, Echinorhynchidae) (1969) Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 17, pp. 65-87; 
Huffman, D.G., Bullock, W.L., Meristograms: Graphical analysis of serial variation of proboscis hooks ot Echinorhynchus (Acanthocephala) (1975) Systematic Zoology, 24, pp. 333-345; 
Huffman, D.G., Nickol, B.B., Meristogram analysis of the acanthocephalan genus Pomphorhynchus in North America (1978) Journal of Parasitology, 64, pp. 851-859; 
Kostylev, N.N., Notes regarding v. Linstow{\textquoteright}s paper on the Acanthocephala of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Science of U.R.S.S. (1925) Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Akademii Nauk SSSR, L{\'e}ningrad, 26, pp. 1-9. , In Russian; 
Kostylev, N.N., Acanthocephalen der Fische der Goktscha-Sees (1928) Centralblatt f{\"u}r Bakteriologie,Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten, 108, pp. 146-150. , Abteilung I. Orig; 
Liu, L., Wang, B., Yang, T., Notes on the parasites of the carp of Qinhai Hu (1981) Journal of Fisheries of China, 5, pp. 295-299. , In Chinese; 
Measures, L.N., Boss{\'e}, L., Gammarus lawrencianus (Amphipoda) as intermediate host of Echinorhynchus salmonis (Acanthocephala) in an estuarine environment (1993) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 50, pp. 2182-2184; 
M{\"u}ller, O.F., (1784) Zoologia Danica Seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Rariorum Ac Minus Notorum Descriptiones et Historia, 2, 124p. , Havinae et Lipsiae; 
Muzzall, P.M., Parasites of Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., from the Great Lakes (1995) Journal of Great Lakes Research, 21, pp. 248-256; 
Petrochenko, V.I., (1956) Acanthocephala of Domestic and Wild Animals, 1, 435p. , Moscow: Izdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, In Russian; 
Shostak, A.W., Dick, T.A., Szalai, A.J., Bernier, L.M.J., Morphological variability in Echinorhynchus gadi, E. leidyi, and E. salmonis (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from fishes in Northern Canadian waters (1986) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64, pp. 985-995; 
Shul{\textquoteright}man, S.S., Specificity of fish parasites (1954) Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 33, pp. 14-35. , In Russian; 
Tedla, S., Fernando, C.H., Some remarks on the ecology of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (1969) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 48, pp. 317-321; 
V{\"a}in{\"o}l{\"a}, R., Valtonen, E.T., Gibson, D.I., Molecular systematics in the acanthocephalan genus Echinorhynchus (sensu lato) in northern Europe (1994) Parasitology, 108, pp. 105-114; 
V{\"a}in{\"o}l{\"a}, R., Varvio, S.L., Molecular divergence and evolutionary relationships in Pontoporeia (Crustacea: Amphipoda) (1989) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 46, pp. 1705-1713; 
Valtonen, E.T., Metechinorhynchus salmonis (M{\"u}ller, 1780) (Acanthocephala) as a parasite of whitefish in the Bothnian Bay. I. Seasonal relationships between infection and fish size (1980) Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 27, pp. 293-300; 
Valtonen, E.T., Metechinorhynchus salmonis (M{\"u}ller, 1780) (Acanthocephala) as a parasite of whitefish in the Bothnian Bay. II. Sex ratio, body length and embryo development in relation to season and site in the intestine (1980) Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 27, pp. 301-307; 
Valtonen, E.T., Metechinorhynchus salmonis infection in the river-spawning whitefish of the Bothnian Bay (1980) Journal of Fish Biology, 17, pp. 1-8; 
Valtonen, E.T., On the ecology of acanthocephalans in the north-eastern gulf of Bothnia: Dispersion and frequency distributions (1983) Abstracts of Papers. First International Symposium of Ichthyoparasitology, {\textquoteright}Parasites and Parasitic Diseases of Fish{\textquoteright}, August 8-13, 1983, {\v C}esk{\'e} Bud{\v e}jovice, p. 116. , Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences; 
Valtonen, E.T., Crompton, D.W.T., Acanthocephala in fish from the Bothnian Bay, Finland (1990) Journal of the Zoological Society of London, 220, pp. 619-639; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Acanthocephala from the Illinois River, with descriptions of new species and a synopsis of the family Neoechinorhynchidae (1919) Bulletin of the Illinois Natural History Survey, 13, pp. 225-257; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Notes on the life cycle of two species of Acanthocephala from freshwater fishes (1920) Journal of Parasitology, 6, pp. 167-173; 
Van Cleave, H.J., A critical study of the Acanthocephala described and identified by Joseph Leidy (1924) Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 76, pp. 279-334; 
Van Cleave, H.J., Hook patterns on the acanthocephalan proboscis (1941) Quarterly Reviews in Biology, 16, pp. 157-172; 
Ward, H.L., Acanthocephala from the burbot {\textquoteright}eel{\textquoteright} (Lota vulgaris), with special reference to the variation in the female Echinorhynchus coregoni (1937) Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 56, pp. 355-363; 
Wayland, M.T., (2002) Studies on the Biosystematics of Species of the Genus Echinorhynchus (Acanthocephala), 344p. , PhD Thesis, University of Stirling; 
Yamaguti, S., (1963) Acanthocephala. Systema helminthum, 5, 423p. , New York \& London: Wiley Interscience
},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {149 - 158},
	abstract = {<p>Echinorhynchus salmonis is a common parasite of salmoniform and other fishes, occurring in fresh and brackish waters throughout the Holarctic. Presented here is the first analysis of the morphometric and meristic variation in a Palaearctic population of E. salmonis, collected from whitefish Coregonus lavaretus L. and smelt Osmerus eperlaus (L.) from the Bothnian Bay, northern Baltic Sea. Morphological data were compared with published descriptions of congeneric taxa. Nearctic populations of salmonid echinorhynchids considered by some to represent a distinct species, E. coregoni Linkins in Van Cleave, 1919, did not show any morphological divergence from Palaearctic populations, indicating that the name E. coregoni should be suppressed. Similarly, E. alpinus Linstow, 1901 has been considered to be a junior synonym of E. salmonis. However, E. alpinus should be regarded as a valid species, because it has a longer and more elongate body. The armature of the acanthocephalan proboscis typically displays radial symmetry. However, in E. salmonis the hooks on the dorsal surface of the proboscis are smaller than those on the ventral surface. Size differences between dorsal and ventral hooks are most pronounced at the base of the proboscis. The systematic and functional significance of radial asymmetry of proboscis hooks is discussed.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephala, Acanthocephalus, animal, Animalia, Animals, article, Coregonus, Coregonus lavaretus, Echinorhynchida, Echinorhynchidae, Echinorhynchus, Echinorhynchus salmonis, Female, Finland, histology, intestine, Intestines, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Osmeriformes, Osmerus, Parasitology, Pisces, salmonid, Salmonidae, Salmoniformes, scanning electron microscopy, sea water, Seawater, ultrastructure},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3442880780\&partnerID=40\&md5=2b2061d41175647a4135313c36d16ecf},
	author = {Wayland, M.T. and Gibson, D.I. and Sommerville, C.}
}
@article {47,
	title = {Echinorhynchus trachyrinci n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from macrourid fishes of the northeast Atlantic},
	journal = {Systematic ParasitologySYST. PARASITOL.},
	volume = {37},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):2Export Date: 23 April 2013Source: ScopusCODEN: SYPAD:doi 10.1023/A:1005776015391Language of Original Document: EnglishCorrespondence Address: Wayland, M.T.; Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, United KingdomReferences: Amin, O.A., Variability in Acanthocephalus parksidei Amin, 1974 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) (1975) Journal of Parasitology, 61, pp. 307-317;Amin, O.A., Classification (1985) Biology of the Acanthocephala, pp. 27-72. , Crompton, D.W.T. \& Nickol, B.B. (Eds) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 
Amin, O.A., Redlin, M.J., The effect of host species on growth and variability of Echinorhynchus salmonis M{\"u}ller, 1784 (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae), with special reference to the status of the genus (1980) Systematic Parasitology, 2, pp. 9-20; 
Armstrong, H.W., (1974) A Study of the Helminth Parasites of the Family Macrouridae from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea: Their Systematics, Ecology and Zoogeographical Implications, 329p. , PhD Thesis, Texas A \& M University; 
Brown, A.F., Chubb, J.C., Veitkamp, C.J., A key to the species of Acanthocephala parasitic in British freshwater fishes (1986) Journal of Fish Biology, 28, pp. 327-334; 
Campbell, R.A., Haedrich, R.L., Munroe, T.A., Parasitism and ecological relationships among deep-sea benthic fishes (1980) Marine Biology, 57, pp. 301-313; 
Cohen, D.M., Inada, T., Iwamoto, T., Scialabba, N., FAO species catalogue. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date (1990) FAO Fisheries Synopsis, 10, 442p. , Rome: FAO, No. 125; 
Dollfus, R.P., Sur trois helminthes (Distomien, T{\'e}trarhynque, Palaeacanthoc{\'e}phale) d{\textquoteright}unMelanoglaea ventralis K. Barnard, 1941, poisson t{\'e}l{\'e}ost{\'e}en (1960) Bulletin de L{\textquoteright}Institut Fran{\c c}ais D{\textquoteright}Afrique Noire, 22 (2), pp. 385-394. , s{\'e}r. A; 
Dydenko, E.M., Echinorhynchus theragrae sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) a parasite of Theragra chalcogramma from the Sea of Japan (1992) Parazitologiya, 26, pp. 267-269. , In Russian; 
Geistdoerfer, P., Macrouridae (1986) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, pp. 644-676. , Whitehead, P.J.P., Bauchot, M.L., Hureau, J.C., Nielsen, J. \& Tortonese, E. (Eds) Paris: UNESCO; 
Houston, K.A., Haedrich, R.L., Food habits and intestinal parasites of deep demersal fishes from the upper continental slope east of Newfoundland, northwest Atlantic Ocean (1986) Marine Biology, 92, pp. 563-574; 
Huffman, D.G., Kliever, R.G., Echinorhynchus canyonensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala) from Maynea californica (Osteichthyes: Zoarcidae) from the Monterey Submarine Canyon, California (1977) Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 44, pp. 171-176; 
Kabata, Z., A new genus and species of trematode parasitic in Macrurus fabricii (Sundeval), a deep-sea fish (1961) Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 136, pp. 285-292; 
Kovalenko, L.M., Acanthocephala in fishes in Australia New Zealand region. Materialy Konferentsii (1986) Xth Konferentsija Ukrainskogo Obshchestva Parasitologov (Odessa), 1, p. 276. , In Russian; 
Kovalenko, L.M., Echinorhynchus sebastolobi sp. n. (Acanthocephala, Echinorhynchidae) an intestinal parasite of sea perch (1986) Parazitologiya, 20, pp. 157-159. , In Russian; 
Linton, E., Parasites of fishes of the Woods Hole region (1901) Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission for, 1899, pp. 407-492; 
Mamaev, Y.L., Helminths of fish in the Bering Sea (1965) Parasitic Worms of Domestic and Wild Animals, pp. 168-188. , Leonov, V.A. et al. (Eds) Vladivostok: Izdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Nauka, In Russian; 
Marshall, N.B., Systematic and biological studies of the macrourid fishes (Anacanthini-Teleosteii) (1965) Deep-Sea Research, 12, pp. 299-322; 
Mauchline, J., Gordon, J.D.M., Diets and bathymetrie distributions of the macrourid fishes of the Rockall Trough, north-eastern Atlantic Ocean (1984) Marine Biology, 81, pp. 107-121; 
Noble, E.R., Parasites and fishes in a deep-sea environment (1973) Advances in Marine Biology, 11, pp. 121-195; 
Parukhin, A.M., New species of thorny-headed worms from Palaeacanthocephala Meyer, 1931 from fishes of the Indian Ocean and South Atlantic (1985) Ekologiya Morya, Kiev, 20, pp. 26-29. , In Russian; 
Petrochenko, V.I., (1956) Acanthocephala of Domestic and Wild Animals, 1, 465p. , Moscow: Izdatel{\textquoteright}stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR. In Russian: English translation: 1971, Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations Cat. No. 5901; 
Porta, A., Gli echinorhynchi dei pesci (1905) Archivio Zoologico Unione Zoologica Italiana, 2, pp. 149-214; 
Radulescu, I., Contributii la cunoasterea parazitilor pestilor din Oceanul Atlantic (1969) Bulletinul Intitutului de Cercetari si Proiectari Piscicole, 28, pp. 77-82; 
Redkuzubova, O.I., Parasitological situation in the region of northern Labrador and northern Newfoundland (1976) Summaries of Reports from the 2nd All-Union Symposium of Parasites and Diseases of Marine Animals, pp. 53-54. , Gaevskaya, A.V (Ed.) Kaliningrad: AtlantNIRO, In Russian; 
Reimer, L.W., Investigations of shallow and deepwater prawns and fishes on parasites and s short note on biomass of plankton of the coast of the PR. of Mozambique (1984) Fisherei-forschung Wissenschaflliche Schriftenreiche, 22, pp. 27-35; 
Rodjuk, G.N., New species of Acanthocephala of the genus Echinorhynchus (Echinorhynchidae) from the southwestern Atlantic (1986) Parazitologiya, 20, pp. 224-227. , in Russian; 
Shostak, A.W., Dick, T.A., Szalai, A.J., Bernier, L.M.J., Morphological variability in Echinorhynchus gadi, E. leidyi, and E. salmonis (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from fishes in northern Canadian waters (1986) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64, pp. 985-995; 
Szuks, H., Die Verwendbarkeit von Parasiten zur gruppentrennung beim Grenadierfisch Macrounis rupestris (1980) Angewandte Parasitologie, 21, pp. 211-214; 
V{\"a}in{\"o}l{\"a}, R., Valtonen, E.T., Gibson, D.I., Molecular systematics in the acanthocephalan genus Echinorhynchus (sensu lato) in northern Europe (1994) Parasitology, 108, pp. 105-114; 
Vassiliiad{\`e}s, G., Helminthes parasites des poissons de merdes c{\^o}tes du S{\'e}n{\'e}gal (1985) Bulletin de L{\textquoteright}Institute Fondamental D{\textquoteright}Afrique Noire, 44, pp. 78-99; 
Yamaguti, S., (1963) Systema Helminthum. 5. Acanthocephala, 423p. , New York: Interscience Publishers; 
Zdzitowiecki, K., A Redescription of Echinorhynchus petrotschenkoi (Rodjuk, 1984) comb. n. (Acanthocephala) (1989) Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 34, pp. 173-180; 
Zubchenko, A.V., Parasitic fauna of some Macrouridae in the northwest Atlantic Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science, 2, pp. 67-72; 
Zubchenko, A.V., Use of parasitological data in studies of the local groupings of rock grenadier, Coryphaenoides rupestris Gunner (1981) Abstracts. Symposium on Parasitology and Pathology of Marine Organisms (Leningrad), pp. 25-32. , Bauer, O.N. (Ed.); 
(1985) NOAA Technical Reports NMFS, 25, pp. 19-23
},
	month = {1997///},
	pages = {59 - 66},
	abstract = {<p>Echinorhynchus trachyrinci n. sp. (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) is described from Trachyrincus scabrus (Rafinesque) (Macrouridae: Trachyrincinae) (type-host) and T. murrayi Gunther from the northeast Atlantic. The most important diagnostic features of this species are: the number of longitudinal rows of hooks 17-22; the number of hooks per row 17-22+; the maximum length of hook blade 38-52 \&mu;m; the proboscis width 139-224 \&mu;m; and the proboscis length to width ratio 3.9-6.4:1. E. trachyrinci n. sp. is differentiated from E. gadi, E. malacocephali, E. longiproboscis, E. petrotschenkoi, E. melanoglaeae, E. theragrae and E. sebastolobi. Metechinorhynchus malacocephali Parukhin, 1985 is transferred to Echinorhynchus as E. malacocephali n. comb.</p>
},
	keywords = {Acanthocephalus, Echinorhynchidae, Echinorhynchus, Echinorhynchus gadi, Echinorhynchus longiproboscis, Echinorhynchus malacocephali, Echinorhynchus melanoglaeae, Echinorhynchus petrotschenkoi, Echinorhynchus sebastolobi, Echinorhynchus trachyrinci, Macrouridae, Palaeacanthocephala, Parukhin, Pisces, Trachyrincinae, Trachyrincus murrayi, Trachyrincus scabrus},
	isbn = {01655752 (ISSN)},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030953136\&partnerID=40\&md5=d845c024317c7fa43052bf0c7d752eaa},
	author = {Wayland, M.T. and Gibson, D.I. and Sommerville, C.}
}
